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. 2018 May 29;13:3163–3176. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S156880

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© 2018 Lo et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Effect of pAuNPs on the expression pattern of VSMCs in rat balloon-induced carotid artery.

Notes: Representative photomicrographs of α-SMA- and PCNA-stained sections of uninjured and balloon-injured carotid arteries of rats fed with or without the pAuNPs (five rats per group). The expression pattern of (proliferating) VSMCs in the sections was determined by immunohistochemistry using the Ab specific to α-SMA and PCNA. Red staining indicates positive regions. Arrows indicate proliferating VSMCs in the injured carotid arteries. Scale bar =100 μm. The images are representative of three independent experiments.

Abbreviations: pAuNPs, physically synthesized gold nanoparticles; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actinin; M, media layer; I, intima; Ab, antibody.