FIG. 1.

High glucose inhibits neural stem cell differentiation. C17.2 cells were treated by NG (5 mM) or HG (25 mM) in neural differentiation medium for 3, 5, and 7 days. Protein levels of Tuj1 (A) and GFAP (B) determined by immunoblotting. The quantification of the data was shown in the bar graph. mRNA level of Tuj1 (C) and GFAP (D) determined by RT-qPCR. Immunostaining of Tuj1 (E) or GFAP (F) in cells treated by normal glucose or high glucose and quantification for numbers of Tuj1 or GFAP positive cells. C17.2 cells cultured in differentiation medium for 7 days and dual-labeled with TUNEL and Tuj1 (G). Bars = 100 μm for (E, F); 50 μm for (G). Experiments were repeated three times (n = 3). Values are the mean ± SE from three separate experiments. *Indicates significant differences (P < 0.05) compared to the normal glucose (5 mM) group. HG, high glucose; NG, normal glucose; RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative PCR. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/scd