Table 2.

Associations between DLQI dimension scores and total scores, and basic characteristics in alopecia areata patients

	Symptom and feelings	Daily activities	leisure	Personal relationships	Work and school	treatment	Total score
Type
Mild	1.6 ± 1.2	0.77 ± 1.4	0.88 ± 1.6	1.05 ± 1.7	0.54 ± 1.09	0.63 ± 0.9	5.4 ± 6.8
Severe	2.6 ± 1.6	1.6 ± 1.7	2.5 ± 2.2	1.6 ± 1.8	1.01 ± 1.3	1.1 ± 1.1	10.7 ± 7.5
P 1	< 0.001	0.001	< 0.001	0.03	0.01	0.001	< 0.001
Sex
Male	1.8 ± 1.4	1 ± 1.5	1.3 ± 2.04	1.1 ± 1.7	0.8 ± 1.2	0.69 ± 0.92	6.8 ± 7.4
Female	2.5 ± 1.5	1.4 ± 1.8	2.09 ± 2.1	1.5 ± 1.9	0.66 ± 1.1	1.2 ± 1.1	9.6 ± 7.6
P	0.002	0.086	0.03	0.17	0.47	0.003	0.02
Age 2(rho)	-0.08	-0.02	-0.07	0.03	-0.03	0.05	-0.02
P	0.25	0.75	0.33	0.64	0.65	0.47	0.70
Disease duration2	0.2	0.25	0.32	0.1	0.16	0.17	0.28
P	0.008	0.01	< 0.001	0.16	0.03	0.02	< 0.001
Family history
Yes	2.1 ± 1.3	1.3 ± 1.9	1.9 ± 2.4	1.5 ± 2.01	0.56 ± 1.1	1 ± 0.95	8.7 ± 8.7
No	2.1 ± 1.5	1.1 ± 1.6	1.5 ± 2.07	1.2 ± 1.7	0.78 ± 1.2	0.86 ± 1.07	7.7 ± 7.4
P	0.93	0.58	0.49	0.57	0.42	0.55	0.56
Acute stress3
Yes	2.3 ± 1.5	1.3 ± 1.8	1.8 ± 2.2	1.5 ± 1.8	0.83 ± 1.2	0.96 ± 1.08	8.9 ± 7.8
No	1.7 ± 1.3	0.87 ± 1.4	1.2 ± 1.8	1.06 ± 1.8	0.64 ± 1.2	0.78 ± 1.01	6.3 ± 6.9
P	0.008	0.04	0.04	0.11	0.31	0.26	0.02
Educational level
Under diploma	2.3 ± 1.6	1.2 ± 1.7	1.6 ± 2.09	1.5 ± 1.9	0.91 ± 1.3	0.84 ± 1.1	8.6 ± 7.9
≥ diploma	2.0 ± 1.4	1.1 ± 1.6	1.6 ± 2.1	1.2 ± 1.7	0.68 ± 1.1	0.90 ± 1.0	7.5 ± 7.4
P	0.20	0.54	0.87	0.19	0.26	0.70	0.38
Occupational status
Not working	2.4 ± 1.5	1.4 ± 1.8	2 ± 2.1	1.3 ± 1.8	0.66 ± 1.1	1.1 ± 1.1	9.05 ± 7.7
Working	1.9 ± 1.4	1.01 ± 1.5	1.4 ± 2.06	1.3 ± 1.8	0.80 ± 1.2	0.70 ± 0.97	7.1 ± 7.4
P	0.04	0.14	0.07	0.90	0.46	0.004	0.11
Other disease4, 5
Yes	2.0 ± 1.4	1 ± 1.3	1.3 ± 1.6	1 ± 1.5	0.22 ± 0.42	0.83 ± 0.98	6.3 ± 3.7
No	2.1 ± 1.5	1.1 ± 1.6	1.7 ± 2.1	1.3 ± 1.8	0.82 ± 1.2	0.87 ± 1.05	7.9 ± 7.8
P	0.81	0.91	0.99	0.45	0.17	0.97	0.71
Disease course6
Stable	1.9 ± 1.4	1.01 ± 1.7	1.4 ± 2.09	1.3 ± 1.9	0.68 ± 1.1	0.78 ± 1	7.1 ± 7.7
Unstable	2.4 ± 1.5	1.4 ± 1.5	2.05 ± 2.1	1.3 ± 1.6	0.89 ± 1.3	1.08 ± 1.1	9.4 ± 7.1
P	0.02	0.07	0.08	0.96	0.30	0.08	0.06
Face involvement7
Yes	2.05 ± 1.4	1.2 ± 1.7	1.7 ± 2.1	1.3 ± 1.8	0.81 ± 1.2	0.91 ± 1.09	8.2 ± 7.6
No	2.2 ± 1.5	0.86 ± 1.4	1.3 ± 2.0	1.1 ± 1.7	0.61 ± 1.1	0.80 ± 0.97	7.06 ± 7.3
P	0.48	0.08	0.28	0.53	0.33	0.52	0.35

¹Chi-square test was used for categorical variables and independent samples T-test for continuous variables.

²Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used.

³Acute stress during last 6 months.

⁴Mann-Whitney U test was used.

⁵Autoimmune thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, atopy

⁶Course of the disease was defined as “unstable” if there was alternation of worsening and improvement phases in the last 2 years, and “stable” otherwise.

⁷Eyebrow/eyelash/beard area