Table 2.
Cancer model | Cell Lines | Diosgenin Dose | Molecular Target | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Breast carcinoma | Estrogen receptor positive and estrogen receptor negative human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA 231 cells | 20 μM and 30 μM | Inhibition of cell proliferation Induces apoptosis |
[72] |
MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells | 20 μM, 40 μM, and 60 μM | Downregulation of Bcl2 | [57] | |
Her2 over-expressing breast cancer cells | 5–20 μM | Modulation of Akt, mTOR, and JNK phosphorylation | [53] | |
MCF-7 breast cancer cells | 20 μM and 40 μM | Upregulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene | [73] | |
Hepatocellular carcinoma | C3A, HUH-7, and HepG2 cells | 50 μM and 100 μM | Downregulation of STAT3 signaling pathway Upregulates SH-PTP2 expression Induces apoptosis Potentiates the apoptotic effects of doxorubicin and paclitaxel |
[54] |
Prostate carcinoma | PC3 cells | 5 μM, 10 μM, and 20 μM | Downregulates NF-κB signaling pathway Inhibits matrix metalloproteinases Inhibits invasion and migration of cells |
[56] |
Osteosarcoma | 1547 cells | 40 μM, 80 μM, and 100 μM | Inhibits cell proliferation Induces apoptosis |
[55] |
1547 cells | 40 μM | Inhibits cell proliferation Induces apoptosis Upregulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene |
[74] | |
Human erythroleukemia | HEL cells, K562 cells | 40 μM | Inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway | [75] |
HEL cells | 40 μM | Inhibits proliferation Induces apoptosis Upregulation of p21 |
[76] | |
Human Laryngocarcinoma Human Melanoma | HEp-2 cells M4Beu cells |
40 μM | Inhibits cell proliferation Induces caspase-3 dependent apoptosis Upregulates p53 tumor suppressor gene |
[77] |
Human cancer cells | Human epithelial carcinoma cell line (A431), human NSCLC cell line (A549), human ovarian cancer cell line (A2780), Human erythroleukemia (K562) and Dukes’ type C, colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-15) | 10 mmol/L | Induces apoptosis via mitochondrial dependent pathway | [78] |
Multiple myeloma (U266), leukemia (U937), and breast cancer (MCF-7) | 50 μM and 100 μM | Inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway | [58] |