Table 5. Significant hyper-methylated genes based on 10% methylation difference between Cancer and Control (-1000 ≤ distance to transcription start site [TSS] ≤ +1000 base-pair DNA).
| Gene | Regions | DMR location | Distance To TSS | Methylation Difference | Gene Role | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | % | p | q | ||||
| GNAS | Promoter | 57,464,802 | 57,465,121 | 624 | 28.79 | 3.48E-04 | 8.05E-04 | GNAS mutation associated with colorectal tumorigenesis [30] |
| Promoter | 57,425,903 | 57,426,055 | 0 | 26.79 | 1.59E-06 | 9.22E-06 | ||
| DNMT3A | Intron | 25,551,093 | 25,551,226 | 365 | 23.78 | 8.39E-07 | 5.36E-06 | Methylation pathway |
| MSH6 | Intron | 48,011,362 | 48,011,896 | 270 | 20.76 | 2.71E-03 | 4.28E-03 | Lynch Syndrome, MMR |
| CAMK1 | CDS | 9,799,262 | 9,799,361 | 7,636 | 15.32 | 1.06E-04 | 3.03E-04 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 |
| MSH2 | Intron | 47,660,208 | 47,660,258 | 30,004 | 14.75 | 1.08E-04 | 3.07E-04 | Lynch Syndrome, MMR |
| GNAS | Intron | 57,416,524 | 57,416,680 | 0 | 14.50 | 9.23E-04 | 1.79E-03 | Associated with colorectal tumorigenesis |
| HK3 | CDS | 176,308,803 | 176,309,092 | 17,242 | 14.45 | 3.26E-05 | 1.16E-04 | Glucose metabolism pathways |
| GNAS | Promoter | 57,426,743 | 57,427,047 | -786 | 13.72 | 6.80E-03 | 9.05E-03 | GNAS mutation associated with Cancer |
| FCN1 | CDS | 137,804,570 | 137,805,004 | 4,803 | 11.72 | 7.28E-05 | 2.23E-04 | Associated with Diabetes |
| HK3 | CDS | 176,314,364 | 176,314,772 | 11,562 | 11.32 | 1.07E-02 | 1.31E-02 | Glucose metabolism pathways |
| NOS3 | CDS | 150,710,282 | 150,710,719 | 10,868 | 10.69 | 2.45E-02 | 2.66E-02 | Methylation, oxidative stress |
Note: CDS: coding DNA sequence.