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. 2018 Jun 4;8:8527. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26937-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Estradiol via ERα upregulates anabolic extracellular matrix genes and downregulates catabolic genes in 17-week old mandibular condylar fibrocartilage. (A) Heat map illustrating upregulation of protease inhibitors and matrix proteins and downregulated of proteases with estradiol treatment in WT but not ERαKO samples. Z-score values were calculated by subtracting the sample mean from the raw expression value and divided by the standard deviation of the sample (B) qPCR gene expression of Pi15 an A2m in all WT and ERαKO groups. All values represent means ± standard deviation. n = 6 for PCR datum, ^{^}p < 0.01.