Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Author, year | G type | N patients | Age (years) Mean ± SD | Sex M/F (%) | Clinical characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G | H | G | H | G | H | |||
| Bogorodzki et al., 2014 | POAG | 14 | 12 | 76 ± 7.5 | 66.5 ± 9.8 | 57/43 | 25/75 | Advanced unilateral POAG (no light perception to hand movement, CDR 0.9–1), fellow eye affected less than MD > −20 dB |
| Bolacchi et al., 2012 | POAG | 24 | 15 | 59 (M) 55 (F) | 62 (M) 60 (F) | 79/21 | 80/20 | POAG patients are divided in early (stage 1 and 2 of Hodapp classification) and severe (stage 4 and 5) stage |
| Borges et al., 2015 | POAG | 9 | 4 | 70 ± 8.7 | 59 ± 8.2 | 89/11 | 75/25 | Unilateral POAG (at least MD < −10 dB, paracentral scotoma of diameter > 10° within the central 20°) for at least 3 yrs |
| Boucard et al., 2007 | POAG | 7 | 12 | 73 | 62 | 86/14 | 67/33 | Homonymous scotoma > 10° for at least 3 yrs. A group of 7 patients with AMD was also considered |
| Boucard et al., 2009 | POAG | 8 | 12 | 72 | 66 | 88/12 | 75/25 | Homonymous scotoma > 10° for at least 3 yrs. A group of 9 patients with AMD was also considered |
| Boucard et al., 2016 | NTG | 30 | 21 | 52 ± 10.7 | 52.3 ± 15.3 | 77/23 | 48/52 | In glaucomatous eyes, mean MD RE = −8.9 dB, LE = −6.8 dB |
| Cai et al., 2015 | PACG | 23 | 23 | 49.5 ± 14.4 | 48.2 ± 9.4 | 35/65 | 35/65 | PACG eyes mean IOP = 39 mmHg. All patients underwent glaucoma surgery. 9/23 underwent MRI after surgery |
| Chen Z. et al., 2013 | POAG | 25 | 24 | 34.5 | 33.6 | 76/24 | 75/25 | POAG subjects were divided on the basis of visual field severity in 6 groups |
| Chen W. W. et al., 2013 | POAG | 15 | 15 | 43.3 ± 4.1 | 43.9 ± 3.8 | 60/30 | 60/30 | Bilateral advanced POAG (CDR > 0.9, MD < −15 dB). |
| Chen et al., 2017 | PACG | 20 | 20 | 54.4 ± 9.5 | 53.8 ± 9.2 | 50/50 | 50/50 | NS |
| Dai et al., 2013 | POAG | 22 | 22 | 25 | 36 | 77/23 | 77/23 | NS |
| Duncan et al., 2007a | POAG | 6* | 0 | 69.3 ± 7.7 | NA | 50/50 | NA | Asymmetric POAG with one glaucomatous eye and a less affected controlateral eye |
| Duncan et al., 2007b | POAG | 6* | 0 | 69.3 ± 7.7 | NA | 50/50 | NA | Asymmetric POAG with one glaucomatous eye and a less affected controlateral eye |
| El-Rafei et al., 2011 | POAG—NTG | 13 (7 POAG, 6 NTG) | 10 | 64.7 ± 11.5 | 62.8 ± 13.6 | 46/54 | 30/70 | NS |
| El-Rafei et al., 2013 | POAG—NTG | 57 (39 POAG, 18 NTG) | 27 | 61.9 ± 8.6 | 58.5 ± 10.1 | 44/56 | 37/63 | NS |
| Engelhorn et al., 2011 | POAG | 50 | 50 | 52.2 ± 12.6 (M) 60.0 ± 16.9 (F) | 54.0 ± 14.2 (M) 61.4 ± 15.1 (F) | 36/46 | 44/56 | NS |
| Frezzotti et al., 2014 | POAG | 13 | 12 | 51.7 ± 6.6 | 47.3 ± 5.1 | 77/23 | 33/64 | All patients had bilateral advanced glaucomatous visual field damage according with the Hodapp/Bascom Palmer classification (mean MD worse eye = −23.2 dB) |
| Frezzotti et al., 2016 | POAG | 57 | 29 | 62.1 ± 69.3 | 58 ± 10 | 67/23 | 52/48 | POAG patients were classified according to the Hodapp/Bascom Palmer classification. 14 patients had early (Stage1), 13 moderate (Stage 2), and 30 severe (Stage 3) disease |
| Garaci et al., 2009 | POAG | 16 | 10 | 63 | 61 | 56/44 | 60/40 | The glaucomatous eyes were stratified according to severity of visual field defects into six groups by using the Hodapp-Parrish system |
| Gerente et al., 2015 | POAG | 17 | 8 | 61.8 ± 10.9 | 56.4 ± 13.9 | 41/59 | 63/37 | The patients were assigned to three subgroups: (Tham et al., 2014) initial glaucoma, (2) asymmetrical glaucoma and (3) severe glaucoma, according to the VF defect pattern in both eyes. |
| Giorgio et al., 2018 | POAG—NTG | 34 (17 POAG, 17 NTG) | 29 | 58.6 ± 13.4(POAG) 58.9 ± 13.7(NTG) | 57.9 ± 9.9 | 76/24 (NTG) 53/47 (POAG) | 52/48 | Glaucoma patients were classified with Hodapp/Bascom Palmer glaucoma severity Staging. Mild/moderate/severe = 10/2/5 in both POAG and NTG. |
| Hernowo et al., 2011 | POAG | 8 | 12 | 72 | 67 | 88/12 | 75/25 | Participant inclusion criteria were the following: (1) a glaucomatous VF defect of at least 10° in diameter in at least one quadrant, affecting both eyes; (2) VF defects had to include the paracentral regions in both eyes; (3) the defects had to have been present for at least 3 years |
| Huang et al., 2015 | PACG | 21 | 21 | 52 ± 13.8 | 60.6 ± 4.6 | 38/62 | 43/57 | NS |
| Jiang et al., 2017 | POAG | 13 | 13 | 32.4 ± 6.2 | 30.4 ± 4.8 | 77/23 | 77/23 | Only early and mid-stage were included (stage 1, 2 and 3 of the Glaucoma Staging System 2) |
| Kaushik et al., 2014 | POAG | 9 | 9 | 69 | 68 | 44/56 | 33/67 | Glaucoma patients with binocular, symmetrical superior, or inferior visual hemifield defects were selected. The difference between the unaffected and affected hemifield sensitivity (in decibels) had to be more than 3:1. |
| Lestak et al., 2014 | POAG—NTG | 16 (8 POAG, 8 NTG) | 8 | Range 40–73 (POAG) 40–70 (NTG) | 23-65 | 63/27 | 25/75 | NS |
| Li et al., 2012 | POAG | 30 | 30 | 50 | NS | 80/20 | 80/20 | According to Becker visual field stages POAG patients were divided into 9 early stage and 21 advanced-late stage. |
| Li et al., 2014 | POAG | 21 | 22 | 46.4 ± 16.4 | 45.6 ± 11.9 | 48/52 | 50/50 | NS |
| Li et al., 2017 | PACG | 25 | 25 | 52 | 52 | 40/60 | 40/60 | PACG eyes mean IOP = 31 mmHg. All patients underwent glaucoma surgery. 19/25 underwent MRI after surgery |
| Lu et al., 2013 | POAG | 15 | 15 | 48 ± 20 | 48 ± 19 | 93/7 | 93/7 | NS |
| Michelson et al., 2013 | POAG-NTG | 26 (13 POAG, 13 NTG) | 7 | 57.4 ± 12.7 (POAG) 59.5 ± 13.1 (NTG) | 54.6 ± 12.1 | 46/54 (POAG) 38/62 (NTG) | 43/57 | Glaucoma severity were assessed with HRT |
| Murai et al., 2015 | POAG | 32 | 19 | 59.5 ± 13.7 | 56.5 ± 14 | 53/47 | 63/37 | Average MD −7.17 dB in the right eye and −8.26 dB in the left eye. |
| Murphy et al., 2016 | POAG | 26 (13 early−13 advanced) | 9 | 62.4 ± 2.1 (early) 63.6 ± 2.3 (advanced) | 61.3 ± 3.1 | 54/46 (early) 39/61 (advanced) | 33/67 | NS |
| Nucci et al., 2012 | POAG | 24 | 12 | 60 | NS | 70/30 | NS | NS |
| Omodaka et al., 2014 | POAG | 19 | 0 | 66.1 ± 9.0 | NA | 68/32 | NA | 16 eyes were POAG and 22 were NTG |
| Qing et al., 2010 | POAG | 6 | 0 | 49.5 | NA | 33/67 | NA | Asymmetric visual field damage and spared central vision. |
| Schoemann et al., 2014 | POAG | 39 | 22 | 63.9 ± 9.3 | 63.3 ± 11.9 | 33/67 | 41/59 | NS |
| Sidek et al., 2014 | POAG | 60 (30 mild, 30 severe) | 30 | 68.4 ± 8.9 (mild) 65.6 ± 9.0 (severe) | 63.5 ± 8.4 | 37/67 (mild) 73/27 (severe) | 40/60 | The categorisation into mild and severe glaucoma was done using the Hodapp–Parrish–Anderson (HPA) classification. |
| Song et al., 2012 | PACG | 30 | 16 | 61 ± 8 L stimulation 61 ± 8 (R stimulation) | 57 ± 8 | 37/63 | 38/62 | The patients were assigned to the early VF defect group (paracentral scotoma, nasal ladder) or the advanced VF defect group (quadrantanopia, central visual field and temporal island). |
| Song et al., 2014 | POAG | 39 | 41 | 34.8 ± 9.9 | 34.8 ± 9.7 | 82/18 | 81/19 | NS |
| Tellouck et al., 2016 | POAG | 50 | 50 | 61.9 ± 6.9 | 61.9 ± 7.0 | 40/60 | 40/60 | Severity of glaucoma was defined on Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification |
| Wang et al., 2013 | PACG | 23 | 20 | 54 | 50 | 39/61 | 35/65 | Severity of glaucoma was defined on Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification |
| Wang et al., 2016 | POAG | 25 | 25 | 44.6 ± 13.0 | 36.8 ± 11.6 | 44/56 | 52/48 | NS |
| Wang et al., 2016a | POAG | 25 | 25 | 44.6 ± 13.0 | 36.8 ± 11.6 | 44/56 | 52/48 | NS |
| Wang et al., 2016b | POAG | 25 | 25 | 44.6 ± 13.0 | 36.8 ± 11.6 | 44/56 | 52/48 | NS |
| Williams et al., 2013 | POAG | 15 | 15 | 66.1 ± 11.2 | 65.6 ± 11.3 | 67/33 | 67/33 | NS |
| Yu et al., 2013 | POAG | 36 | 40 | 46.5 | 46.5 | 75/25 | 74/26 | Two subgroups (a mild and severe group) based on Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification |
| Yu et al., 2014 | POAG | 36 (19 + 17) | 20 | 42.6 ± 14.5 (mild) 48.1 ± 16.6 (severe) | 43.3 ± 15.1 | 57/43 (mild) 71/29 (severe) | 55/45 | 19 mild and 17 severe POAG patients based on Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification |
| Yu et al., 2015 | POAG | 37 (20 + 17) | 20 | 43.6 ± 14.5 (mild) 48.1 ± 16.6 (severe) | 43.3 ± 15.1 | 59/41 (mild) 71/29 (severe) | 55/45 | 20 mild and 17 severe POAG patients based on Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification |
| Zhang et al., 2012 | NTG | 30 | 30 | 54.8 ± 11.9 | 53.9 ± 11.2 | 50/50 | 53/47 | NS |
| Zhang et al., 2013 | POAG-PACG | 20 | 20 | 45 | 45 | 40/60 | 40/60 | 8 POAG, 12 PACG. Different stages (from early to advanced) |
| Zhang et al., 2015 | POAG | 23 | 29 | 47 ± 7 | 48 ± 7 | 61/39 | 66/36 | 9 early-moderate glaucoma and 14 advanced glaucoma |
| Zhang et al., 2016 | POAG—NTG | 18 (10 + 8) | 18 | 33.0 ± 5.6 | 33.0 ± 5.6 | 78/22 | 78/22 | 10 POAG, 8 NTG all early stage |
| Zhou et al., 2017a | POAG | 11 | 11 | 60.0 ± 9.2 | 55.9 ± 7.5 | 36/64 | 64/34 | Mild to moderate POAG |
| Zhou et al., 2017b | POAG | 9 | 9 | 61 ± 11 | 58 ± 5 | 44/56 | 67/33 | NS |
| Zikou et al., 2012 | POAG | 18 | 18 | 57.1 ± 11.4 | NS | 78/22 | NS | NS |
*
Duncan et al. (2007a) and Duncan et al. (2007b) share the same patients, G, glaucoma; H, healthy; CDR, Cup/disc ratio; yrs, years; NR, not reported; MD, Mean Deviation; RE, right eye; LE, left eye; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer; NS, not specified; NA, not applicable; VF, visual field; HRT, Heidelberg Retina tomograph.