Figure 5.

Virtual bore probing. The mean model of the proximal humerus (grey transparent) in the anterior view (columns 1–3) and lateral view (column 2, lower two images) illustrates the different pathways of the virtual bore probes. The probes measure the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) along pathways that were used to create the curves, according to the grouped high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography [y axis: vBMD (mg HA/cm³), x axis: length of the bore probe (cm)]. The first group exhibits the low average vBMD values (black line), the second group exhibits the medium average vBMD values (dark grey line), and the third group exhibits the high average vBMD value (light grey line). The first column displays the anterior view of the mean model and virtual bore probes that were obtained medially to laterally in the shaft zone. The second column illustrates the anterior and lateral views of the mean model and virtual bore probes from the greater and lesser tuberosities. The third column shows the anterior view of the mean model and bore probes from different articular sites.