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. 2016 Aug 12;5(8):e16133. doi: 10.1038/lsa.2016.133

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Copyright © 2016 CIOMP.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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First in vivo tests of laser-fabricated scaffold¹⁵⁴. SEM images of a segment of centimeter-scale membrane tested in vitro by pre-growing isolated allogeneic rabbit chondrocytes for 2 weeks; scale bar 100 μm. Ex vivo photo images after implantation of laser-fabricated 3D scaffold pre-incubated with chondrocytes and implanted into rabbit’s knee (marked by arrow) after 1 and 3 months; 54 bilateral osteochondral defects 3 mm in diameter were created using a surgical drill at the weight-bearing areas. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 154. IOP. All rights reserved.