Table 3.
Measurement Invariance Test of Factor Means Across Mothers and Fathers
| Total N | Unconstrained | Constrained | Δχ2 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Mothers | Fathers | CFI | RMSEA | χ2(df) | p | CFI | RMSEA | χ2(df) | p | χ2(df) | p | |
| Year 1 | 1,252 | 1,039 | .999 | .013 | 11.873(10) | .294 | .962 | .062 | 66.906(11) | <.001 | 38.728(1) | <.001 |
| Year 3 | 1,458 | 1,372 | .993 | .036 | 28.631(10) | .001 | .972 | .070 | 87.699(11) | <.001 | 42.846(1) | <.001 |
| Year 5 | 1,458 | 1,343 | .993 | .046 | 39.383(10) | <.001 | .979 | .077 | 102.316(11) | <.001 | 44.788(1) | <.001 |
Note. CFI = comparative fit index; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation.