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. 2018 Jun 1;13:3295–3310. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S158463

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© 2018 Shin et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Changes in the phosphorylation of p38 and AKT in Au@Pt-NS-treated HUCs.

Notes: HUCs were incubated with Au@Pt-NSs (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 μM) for different times of 1 h (A), 6 h (B), 12 h (C), and 24 h (D). Phosphorylated and total forms of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38) and AKT were measured using immunoblotting. Bar graphs show the relative fold changes of the proteins at different incubation times and concentrations of Au@Pt-NSs compared with the control.

Abbreviations: Au@Pt-NSs, gold@platinum nanoseeds; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; HUCs, human urothelial cells; MAPKs, mitogen-activated protein kinases.