Figure 3.

Binding of naïve GRPs and VLA-4⁺GRPs in a microfluidic device coated with VCAM-1 expressing and non-expressing HBEC. Shown is the expression of VCAM-1 on non-activated (a) and TNFα-activated (b) HBECs. Cell rolling velocity (c) and number of interacting cells (d) were determined at a shear stress rate of 1 dyn/cm². Asterisk marks a significant difference between the naïve and VLA-4⁺GRPs. FOV = 160,000 µm²; n = 5. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney test. Scale bar = 100 µm.