Table 3.

PubMed search strategy, modified as needed for other electronic databases

Population: medical students/residents enrolled for specialty training
1	MeSH terms:	Education, Medical [MeSH] OR Students, Medical [MeSH]
2	Free text:	fellow OR fellowship OR graduate OR medical student OR postgraduate OR residency OR resident OR registrar OR registrarship OR specialty OR specialties OR undergraduate
3	1 OR 2
Intervention: computer-assisted instruction
4	MeSH terms:	Computer-assisted Instruction [MeSH] OR Computer Simulation [MeSH] OR Educational Technology [MeSH] OR Internet [MeSH]
5	Free text:	app OR application OR ‘blended learning’ OR computer OR computer-assisted OR digital OR e-learning OR e-modules OR ‘flipped classroom’ OR Internet OR multimedia OR online OR software OR technology OR virtual OR web OR web-aided OR web-assisted OR web-based OR web-supported OR web-enhanced OR webCT OR web 2.0 OR YouTube
6	4 OR 5
Comparator: any other teaching method used
7	MeSH terms:	Cardiology/Education [MeSH] OR Education/Methods [MeSH] OR Electrocardiography/Education [MeSH] OR Models, Educational [MeSH] OR Problem-based Learning [MeSH] OR Teaching/Methods MeSH] OR Teaching Rounds [MeSH]
8	Free text:	activity OR activities OR bedside OR blackboard OR class OR classroom OR clinical OR competency-based OR conventional OR course OR didactic OR educational method OR educational techniques OR instruction OR instructional method OR instructional techniques OR interactive OR ‘large group’ OR lecture OR lecture-based OR near peer OR outcome-based OR PBL OR pedagogy OR pedagogical OR peer facilitated OR peer led OR peer teaching OR peer tutorial OR peer tutoring OR problem-based OR rounds OR self-directed OR self-instruction OR self-study OR seminar OR simulation OR simulator OR ‘small group’ OR teaching method OR teaching techniques OR test-enhanced learning OR traditional OR training OR tutorial OR tutoring OR ward OR ‘worked example’ OR workshop
9	7 OR 8
Outcome: efficacy in acquiring ECG knowledge or skills
10	MeSH terms:	Electrocardiography [MeSH]
11	Free text:	ECG OR EKG OR electrocardiogram OR electrocardiographic OR electrocardiography
12	10 OR 11
13	MeSH terms:	Clinical Competence [MeSH] OR Cognition [MeSH] OR Learning [MeSH]
14	Free text:	accuracy OR analysis OR assessment OR cognition OR cognitive OR competence OR competency OR comprehension OR diagnosis OR diagnostic OR effectiveness OR efficacy OR examination OR interpretation OR insight OR knowledge OR learning OR measurement OR memory OR participation OR performance OR practice OR problem-solving OR proficiency OR reasoning OR recall OR reinforcement OR retention OR score OR self-assessment OR self-efficacy OR skills OR test OR understanding
15	13 OR 14
16	12 AND 15
17	3 AND 6 AND 9 AND 16

MeSH, Medical Subject Heading.