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. 2018 Jun 5;13(6):e0198694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198694

Table 5. Variation of the leaf contents regarding the xanthophylls cycle components.

Values of zeaxanthin and the sum of the xanthophylls violaxanthin, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin (V+A+Z) (mg g-1 dw), as well as the xanthophylls de-epoxidation state (DEPS) along the entire experiment for Apoatã, Icatu, and Obatã genotypes, under well-watered (WW), mild drought (MD) and severe drought (SD) conditions, and submitted to temperature control conditions (25/20 oC), during the gradual temperature decrease (18/13 oC), at the end of the acclimation period (13/8 oC), after 3 chilling cycles (3x13/4 oC), after 7 days under rewarming conditions (7x Rec Cold), and after a further 7 days period under rewatering conditions (7x Rec Drought).

Genotype Treatment Temperature (day/night)
25/20°C 18/13°C 13/8°C 3x13/4°C 7x Rec Cold 7x Rec Drought
Zeaxanthin (mg g-1 dw) (diurnal values)
WW 0.069 ± 0.008 dB 0.181 ± 0.015 bB 0.256 ± 0.016 aB 0.167 ± 0.015 bcB 0.085 ± 0.002 dA 0.117 ± 0.010 cdA
Apoatã MD 0.167 ± 0.007 bcA 0.291 ± 0.029 aA 0.334 ± 0.019 aA 0.205 ± 0.024 bAB 0.069 ± 0.015 dA 0.129 ± 0.008 cdA
SD 0.077 ± 0.011 cB 0.221 ± 0.022 bB 0.308 ± 0.026 aAB 0.235 ± 0.009 bA 0.122 ± 0.003 cA 0.136 ± 0.007 cA
WW 0.146 ± 0.018 bcB 0.178 ± 0.008 bA 0.400 ± 0.027 aA 0.336 ± 0.025 aAB 0.153 ± 0.009 bcA 0.100 ± 0.012 cB
Icatu MD 0.210 ± 0.039 bcA 0.186 ± 0.007 cA 0.343 ± 0.014 aAB 0.267 ± 0.012 bB 0.153 ± 0.009 cA 0.194 ± 0.010 cA
SD 0.153 ± 0.007 bB 0.199 ± 0.012 bA 0.326 ± 0.018 aB 0.368 ± 0.014 aA 0.155 ± 0.007 bA 0.177 ± 0.016 bA
WW 0.187 ± 0.010 bA 0.211 ± 0.028 abC 0.256 ± 0.009 aA 0.218 ± 0.016 abB 0.120 ± 0.012 cB 0.186 ± 0.009 bA
Obatã MD 0.185 ± 0.007 eA 0.342 ± 0.016 abA 0.283 ± 0.014 bcA 0.356 ± 0.016 aA 0.271 ± 0.012 cdA 0.215 ± 0.018 deA
SD 0.209 ± 0.018 dA 0.282 ± 0.015 bcB 0.304 ± 0.016 abA 0.361 ± 0.014 aA 0.234 ± 0.009 cdA 0.211 ± 0.019 dA
Violaxanthin + Antheraxanthin + Zeaxanthin (mg g-1 dw) (diurnal values)
WW 0.222 ± 0.008 bcA 0.284 ± 0.015 abB 0.319 ± 0.019 aB 0.213 ± 0.014 cB 0.210 ± 0.004 cB 0.226 ± 0.005 bcA
Apoatã MD 0.273 ± 0.017 cdA 0.344 ± 0.030 abA 0.403 ± 0.010 aA 0.211 ± 0.024 dB 0.286 ± 0.021 bcA 0.238 ± 0.007 cdA
SD 0.222 ± 0.009 bcA 0.299 ± 0.022 aAB 0.350 ± 0.027 aAB 0.283 ± 0.014 abA 0.212 ± 0.015 cB 0.193 ± 0.008 cA
WW 0.314 ± 0.012 bcA 0.274 ± 0.012 cdA 0.436 ± 0.021 aA 0.358 ± 0.024 bA 0.303 ± 0.019 bcdB 0.233 ± 0.007 dB
Icatu MD 0.343 ± 0.027 abA 0.237 ± 0.009 cA 0.409 ± 0.013 aAB 0.397 ± 0.015 aA 0.380 ± 0.017 abA 0.320 ± 0.008 bA
SD 0.304 ± 0.027 bcA 0.267 ± 0.011 cA 0.361 ± 0.021 abB 0.403 ± 0.012 aA 0.329 ± 0.014 bcAB 0.322 ± 0.031 bcA
WW 0.323 ± 0.010 bcB 0.264 ± 0.022 cB 0.287 ± 0.010 bcB 0.267 ± 0.013 cB 0.408 ± 0.026 aA 0.342 ± 0.013 bA
Obatã MD 0.450 ± 0.009 aA 0.394 ± 0.016 abcA 0.338 ± 0.015 cAB 0.411 ± 0.021 abA 0.438 ± 0.009 aA 0.347 ± 0.020 bcA
SD 0.463 ± 0.024 aA 0.391 ± 0.008 bcA 0.370 ± 0.012 bcA 0.429 ± 0.022 abA 0.392 ± 0.011 bcA 0.329 ± 0.011 cA
DEPS
Ctr 0.427 ± 0.024 dB 0.698 ± 0.021 bB 0.838 ± 0.021 aB 0.843 ± 0.028 aB 0.532 ± 0.008 cB 0.575 ± 0.035 cC
Apoatã MD 0.645 ± 0.022 cA 0.837 ± 0.019 bA 0.869 ± 0.028 abAB 0.941 ± 0.012 aA 0.378 ± 0.030 dC 0.665 ± 0.019 cB
SD 0.511 ± 0.025 eB 0.814 ± 0.035 bcA 0.911 ± 0.013 aA 0.884 ± 0.013 abAB 0.699 ± 0.026 dA 0.781 ± 0.009 cA
Ctr 0.495 ± 0.039 cB 0.770 ± 0.019 bB 0.918 ± 0.010 aA 0.950 ± 0.005 aA 0.651 ± 0.044 bA 0.477 ± 0.036 cB
Icatu MD 0.632 ± 0.049 bcA 0.895 ± 0.015 aA 0.891 ± 0.013 aA 0.943 ± 0.011 aA 0.539 ± 0.016 cB 0.705 ± 0.017 bA
SD 0.652 ± 0.019 bA 0.859 ± 0.018 aAB 0.942 ± 0.004 aA 0.956 ± 0.004 aA 0.618 ± 0.016 bAB 0.704 ± 0.025 bA
Ctr 0.668 ± 0.012 cA 0.822 ± 0.041 bB 0.916 ± 0.012 aA 0.875 ± 0.011 abA 0.562 ± 0.046 dB 0.679 ± 0.030 cA
Obatã MD 0.516 ± 0.016 cB 0.908 ± 0.008 aA 0.884 ± 0.009 aA 0.906 ± 0.008 aA 0.708 ± 0.022 bA 0.716 ± 0.023 bA
SD 0.551 ± 0.020 cB 0.839 ± 0.013 aAB 0.892 ± 0.014 aA 0.885 ± 0.014 aA 0.702 ± 0.018 bA 0.710 ± 0.030 bA

For each parameter, the mean values ± SE (n = 6–8) followed by different letters express significant differences between temperature treatments for the same water availability level (a, b, c, d, e), or between water treatments for each temperature treatment (A, B, C), always separately for each genotype.