Table 2.
Cortical Gray Matter Volumetric Results Typically Developing vs. ADHD-Free.
Table 2. P-values shown for the comparison of Typically Developing (TD) individuals versus ADHD participants with no prior history of medication treatment (ADHD-Free). Comparisons include: TD Right versus ADHD-Free Right hemisphere (Right), TD Left verses ADHD-Free Left Hemisphere (Left), and the group comparison for both directional Asymmetry Index (AI) and absolute Asymmetry Index (abs(AI)) for MRI Gray Matter volume comparisons from cortical regions. P-values shown have been corrected for multiple comparisons, with significant comparisons shown in bold, and a + sign indicating the measure to be larger in the ADHD-Free group.
| Region | Gray matter volume | Right | Left | AI | Abs(AI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cingulate | Caudal anterior cingulate | 0.367 | 0.444 | 0.205 | 0.092 |
| Caudal middle frontal | 0.334 | 0.231 | 0.763 | 0.011+ | |
| Isthmus cingulate | 0.425 | 0.448 | 0.333 | 0.034+ | |
| Posterior cingulate | 0.429 | 0.334 | 0.266 | 0.024+ | |
| Rostral anterior cingulate | 0.448 | 0.464 | 0.859 | 0.152 | |
| Frontal | Lateral orbito-frontal | 0.367 | 0.402 | 0.961 | 0.250 |
| Medial orbitofrontal | 0.488 | 0.402 | 0.830 | 0.019 | |
| Paracentral | 0.219 | 0.345 | 0.656 | 0.070 | |
| Pars opercularis | 0.5 | 0.137 | 0.311 | 0.052 | |
| Pars orbitalis | 0.334 | 0.476 | 0.242 | 0.384 | |
| Pars triangularis | 0.24 | 0.148 | 0.467 | 0.002 | |
| Rostral middle frontal | 0.03 + | 0.185 | 0.854 | 0.088 | |
| Superior frontal | 0.045 | 0.032 | 0.911 | 0.053 | |
| Frontal pole | 0.364 | 0.371 | 0.590 | 0.024 | |
| Occipital | Cuneus | 0.386 | 0.429 | 0.972 | 0.040 + |
| Lateral occipital | 0.078 | 0.472 | 0.323 | 0.019 + | |
| Lingual | 0.275 | 0.349 | 0.811 | 0.056 | |
| Pericalcarine | 0.492 | 0.464 | 0.606 | 0.132 | |
| Parietal | Inferior parietal | 0.306 | 0.041 + | 0.649 | 0.013 |
| Postcentral | 0.074 | 0.375 | 0.676 | 0.131 | |
| Precentral | 0.371 | 0.429 | 0.612 | 0.067 | |
| Precuneus | 0.135 | 0.295 | 0.686 | 0.042 + | |
| Superior parietal | 0.228 | 0.437 | 0.562 | 0.043 + | |
| Supramarginal | 0.425 | 0.262 | 0.581 | 0.118 | |
| Temporal | Entorhinal | 0.413 | 0.456 | 0.588 | 0.015 + |
| Fusiform | 0.285 | 0.313 | 0.882 | 0.220 | |
| inferior temporal | 0.085 | 0.004 + | 0.363 | 0.096 | |
| Middle temporal | 0.084 | 0.071 | 0.642 | 0.265 | |
| Superior temporal | 0.155 | 0.382 | 0.345 | 0.195 | |
| Temporal Pole | 0.484 | 0.46 | 0.455 | 0.442 | |
| Transverse temporal | 0.334 | 0.364 | 0.952 | 0.191 | |
| Parahippocampal | 0.448 | 0.398 | 0.533 | 0.108 | |
| Insulary cortex | Insula | 0.356 | 0.386 | 0.956 | 0.087 |