Fig. 2.

VentX regulates TAM plasticity. a VentX expression in TAMs after LPS stimulation. Isolated TAMs were cultured in RPMI medium and stimulated with LPS. VentX mRNA levels were measured with real-time PCR at indicated times. b TNF-α and c nitrate level from TAMs after LPS treatment were determined by ELISA and Griess reagent. d Effects of VentX-MO on VentX expression. Isolated TAMs were transfected with MO oligonucleotides targeting VentX or control. Twenty-four hours post transfection, LPS was added to culture medium. The cells were collected 48 h later and VentX expressions were determined by real-time RT-PCR. e TNF level and f nitrate level from VentX-MO- or control-MO-treated TAMs after LPS stimulation. Data shown are mean ± SD of three independent experiments and paired Student’s t-test was performed. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. g Effects of VentX-MO or control-MO on percentage of CD206+CD68+ TAMs after LPS stimulation. Representative data of at least three independent experiments were shown