Figure 5.

Mg²⁺ elevation suppresses the expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT in APP/PS1 Tg mice. (A–E) The APP/PS1 transgenic mice at the age of 4 months old were administered Mg²⁺ (100 mg/kg/d) for 2 months before collecting the brain (n = 10). (F–J) C57BL/6 mice at the age of 3 months old were injected (i.c.v) with oAβ (2 μg/5 μl) in the absence or presence of Mg²⁺ (2 μg/5 μl). The brains were then collected and sectioned after 24 h. (A,F) The immunoreactivity of TNF-α was determined by immunostaining with an anti-TNF-α antibody. These images are representative of ten independent experiments, all with similar results. (B–E,G–J) mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT were determined by qRT-PCR and western blots. Total amounts of GAPDH and β-actin served as an internal control. The data represent the means ± SE of three independent experiments. **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 compared with WT mice or vehicle-treated controls. ^###p < 0.001 compared with APP/PS1 Tg mice or oAβ treatment alone.