Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of study completers
| Characteristics | ADF | CR | Control | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 25 | 29 | 25 | |
| Age (y) | 46 ± 2 | 44 ± 2 | 44 ± 2 | 0.87 |
| Sex (F/M) | 22/3 | 23/6 | 21/4 | |
| Body weight (kg) | 94 ± 3 | 100 ± 3 | 91 ± 3 | 0.12 |
| Height (cm) | 166 ± 2 | 168 ± 2 | 164 ± 2 | 0.34 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34 ± 1 | 35 ± 1 | 34 ± 1 | 0.31 |
| FM (kg) | 38 ± 1 | 40 ± 1 | 35 ± 2 | 0.11 |
| FFM (kg) | 54 ± 2 | 58 ± 2 | 54 ± 2 | 0.38 |
| VAT (kg) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 0.43 |
| SAT (kg) | 8.4 ± 0.4 | 8.7 ± 0.4 | 8.0 ± 0.7 | 0.56 |
| Glucose (mg/mL) | 91.4 ± 2.4 | 91.7 ± 2.6 | 88.6 ± 1.8 | 0.61 |
| Insulin (µIU/mL) | 17.6 ± 3.0 | 19.1 ± 3.3 | 15.9 ± 2.2 | 0.76 |
| HOMA-IR | 4.20 ± 0.81 | 4.43 ± 0.79 | 3.48 ± 0.49 | 0.66 |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 4321 ± 589 | 4051 ± 373 | 3521 ± 451 | 0.53 |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 66.2 ± 6.0 | 73.1 ± 10.2 | 53.3 ± 6.1 | 0.17 |
| Resistin (ng/mL) | 13.5 ± 1.9 | 13.7 ± 0.9 | 12.2 ± 1.2 | 0.88 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 1.49 ± 0.15 | 1.83 ± 0.19 | 1.81 ± 0.19 | 0.18 |
| IGF-1 (ng/mL) | 84.1 ± 4.5 | 102.3 ± 7.6 | 101.5 ± 11.7 | 0.16 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 2.15 ± 0.31 | 2.12 ± 0.21 | 2.10 ± 0.25 | 0.41 |
Abbreviations: F, female; M, male. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values among groups at baseline are provided from one-way ANOVA. There were no differences among groups for any parameter.