Figure 2. Dose-response analyses between the cumulative dose of antipsychotic exposure during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes.

Upper panels: Restricted cubic spline curves with 3 knots at the 25^th, 50^th, and 75^th percentiles of the cumulative dose (mg) during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy (LMP to 140 days after LMP), adjusting for age, race, obesity, diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, and the duration of treatment during the 3 months prior to LMP.

Lower panels: Density curve showing the distribution of cumulative dose among the users of each antipsychotic medication who had one or more prescription dispensed during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.

To stabilize the dose-response curve at the extreme ranges, the maximum possible cumulative dose during the 140 days of exposure window was limited to the daily maximum dose multiplied by 140 days for each antipsychotic (mg). To convert to a daily dose, the cumulative dose can be divided by the duration of the exposure window (140 days).

LMP: last menstrual period; GDM: gestational diabetes