Table 3.
Average test output from four types of logistic regression on 1,000 simulated datasets: one ignoring adversity (model I); one controlling for the additive effect of adversity (model II); one additionally incorporating an interaction between genotype and adversity (model III); and finally a model which analyzes adversity-exposed and unexposed cohorts separately (model IV).
| Regression Model | Without Heterogeneity | With Heterogeneity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Z Stat | odds ratio | P-value | Z Stat | odds ratio | P-value | |
| Model I, g | 5.36 | 1.18 | 8.22×10−8 | 4.67 | 1.16 | 3.06×10−6 |
| Model II, g | 5.36 | 1.18 | 8.15×10−8 | 4.99 | 1.17 | 6.05×10−7 |
| Model II, s | 13.95 | 1.90 | 2.94×10−44 | 11.14 | 1.68 | 7.77×10−29 |
| Model III, g | 4.64 | 1.19 | 3.34×10−6 | 5.85 | 1.24 | 4.80×10−9 |
| Model III, s | 10.2 | 1.92 | 1.93×10−24 | 10.22 | 1.92 | 1.64×10−24 |
| Model III, g:s | −0.15 | 0.99 | 0.877 | −3.08 | 0.8 | 2.10×10−3 |
| Model IV, g, no adversity | 4.64 | 1.19 | 3.44×10−6 | 5.85 | 1.24 | 4.80×10−9 |
| Model IV, g, adversity | 2.69 | 1.18 | 7.14×10−3 | −0.08 | 1.00 | 0.94 |
For each row, Z statistic (Z Stat), odds ratio, and P-value are shown for SNP effect (g), adversity effect (s), or an interaction effect (g:s). The three columns on the left (Without Etiologic Heterogeneity) show results for simulations of no etiologic heterogeneity between simulated phenotype in samples with and without adversity; the three columns on the right show that for simulations with heterogeneity. Data was simulated using a liability threshold model with realistic ascertainment, effect-sizes and allele frequencies (Supplemental Methods).