Table 3.
The effects of atorvastatin treatment on biomarker expression
| Biomarkers | Single No Treatment Arm
|
Three Atorvastatin Treatment Arms (3 months of treatment in each arm)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A: 0 mg/day
|
B: 10 mg/day
|
C: 20 mg/day
|
D: 40 mg/day
|
|||||
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | |
| Tissue biomarkers | ||||||||
| Proliferation | ||||||||
| Ki67 | ||||||||
| N* | 8 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 14 | 14 |
| Mean | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
| Std dev | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 7.0 | 7.5 |
| p value | 0.19 | |||||||
| EGFR | ||||||||
| N* | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| Mean | 0 | 0 | 3.33 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 0.8 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
|  Std dev | 0 | 0 | 5.2 | 3.8 | 5.8 | 2.0 | 11.2 | 8.7 |
| p value | 0.92 | |||||||
| pEGFR | ||||||||
| N* | 3 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 |
| Mean | 5 | 0 | 2.5 | 11.4 | 0 | 24 | 13.6 | 7.9 |
| Std dev | 8.66 | 0 | 3.8 | 15.7 | 0 | 32.9 | 19.7 | 12.2 |
| p value | 0.12 | |||||||
| Apoptosis | ||||||||
| Bcl-2 | ||||||||
| N* | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 7 |
| Mean | 15.6 | 3.7 | 10.8 | 5.4 | 1.6 | 3 | 8 | 7 |
| Std dev | 16.7 | 67 | 18 | 3.8 | 6.7 | 17.6 | 4.1 | |
| p value | 0.8 | |||||||
| Serum biomarkers | ||||||||
| Lipid profile | ||||||||
| Cholesterol | ||||||||
| N* | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 17 | 17 |
| Mean | 227 | 232 | 200 | 161 | 220 | 169 | 205 | 134 |
| Std dev | 55 | 54 | 35 | 43 | 26 | 36 | 33 | 27 |
| p value | \0.0 | |||||||
| LDL | ||||||||
| N* | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 17 | 17 |
| Mean | 123 | 128 | 104 | 72 | 127 | 780 | 112 | 51 |
| Std dev | 34 | 40 | 24 | 34 | 25 | 27 | 32 | 22 |
| p value | \0.0 | |||||||
| HDL | ||||||||
| N* | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 17 | 17 |
| Mean | 59 | 59 | 73 | 73 | 68 | 67 | 67 | 66 |
| Std dev | 14 | 12 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 13 | 17 | 19 |
| p value | 0.48 | |||||||
| Inflammation | ||||||||
| CRP | ||||||||
| N* | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 |
| Mean | 4.4 | 5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.9 |
| Std dev | 3.8 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 14.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.8 |
| p value | 0.04 | |||||||
N*: Number of samples analyzed; B cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2); C-reactive protein (CRP); Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); high-density lipoprotein (HDL); antigen Ki-67 (Ki-67); low-density lipoprotein (LDL); phosphorylated-EGFR 4 (pEGFR); Pre-treatment (Pre); Post-treatment (Post); Standard deviation (Std Dev). For Ki67, EGFR, pEGFR, bcl-2 % of positive-stained epithelial cells were recorded