Table 2.
‘Breakpoint’ estimates a for categorizing drug-susceptibility and drug resistance against antimonials (Sb), miltefosine (MIL), paromomycin (PMM) and amphotericin B (AmB)
| Promastigotes (axenic) | Amastigotes (primary mouse macrophages) | Susceptibility limits (IC50 estimates) | Cytotoxicity (MRC-5) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug b | IC50 | IC50 | sensitive | resistant | CC50 |
| SbV | >77 | 10–15 | <20 | >70 | >64 |
| SbIII | 40–50 | 5–6 | <15 | >70 | >64 |
| MIL | 2–5 | 3–6 | <10 | >25 c | 32 |
| PMM | 15–25 | 40–50 | <60 | >150 c | >500 |
| AmB | 0·1–0·3 | 0·01–0·03 | <0·5 | (>2) c | >8 |
a
Based on results obtained with sensitive reference strains (L. donovani MHOM/ET/67/L82 and L. infantum MHOM/MA/67/ITMAP263).
b
μg mL−1 for Sb, μm for other compounds.
c
at present, no resistant isolates from treated patients are available yet.