Table 4.
Comparison of high-risk patients undergoing robotic- and open lobectomy
| Characteristics | Robotic Lobectomy |
Open Lobectomy |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 82) | (n = 107) | ||
| Age > 75 years | 18 (22%) | 12 (11%) | 0.05 |
| Male Gender | 38 (46%) | 55 (51%) | 0.44 |
| Zubrod Score | |||
| 0–1 | 78 (94%) | 100 (93%) | 0.88 |
| 2+ | 5 (6%) | 7 (7%) | |
| Pack years, median (IQR) | 50 (25–67) | 40 (30–66) | 0.035 |
| Active smoker | 38 (46%) | 33 (31%) | 0.035 |
| COPD | 67 (81%) | 58 (54%) | < 0.001 |
| FEV1 [% predicted], mean ± SD | 67.0 ± 17.9 | 62.8 ± 18.0 | 0.10 |
| DLCO [% predicted], mean ± SD | 53.6 ± 15.7 | 57.8 ± 16.6 | 0.08 |
| BMI > 30 kg/m2 | 20 (24%) | 33 (31%) | 0.47 |
| Hypertension | 60 (72%) | 71 (66%) | 0.38 |
| Coronary artery disease | 47 (57%) | 52 (49%) | 0.27 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 11 (13%) | 10 (9%) | 0.47 |
| Prior cardiothoracic surgery | 13 (16%) | 26 (24%) | 0.15 |
| Preop. Chemotherapy | 5 (6%) | 7 (7%) | 0.88 |
| Lung Cancer | 69 (83%) | 90 (84%) | 0.86 |
| Outcomes | |||
| Pulmonary Complication | 23 (28%) | 48 (45%) | 0.015 |
| Air Leak (> 5 days) | 4 (5%) | 16 (15%) | 0.024 |
| Atelectasis (req. bronchoscopy) | 6 (7%) | 24 (22%) | 0.005 |
| Pleural effusion (req. drainage) | 1 (1%) | 5 (5%) | 0.17 |
| Pneumonia | 3 (4%) | 12 (11%) | 0.05 |
| Respiratory Failure | 10 (12%) | 13 (13%) | |
| ARDS | 0 | 3 (3%) | 0.12 |
| Pneumothorax | 3 (4%) | 6 (6%) | 0.52 |
| Initial vent support > 48 h | 0 | 2 (2%) | 0.21 |
| Tracheostomy | 0 | 6 (6%) | 0.028 |
| Other pulmonary event | 3 (4%) | 1 (1%) | 0.32 |
| Length of hospitalization [days] Median (IQR) | 4 (4–7) | 8 (5–12) | < 0.001 |
| Major Complications | 16 (19%) | 26 (24%) | 0.41 |
| Mortality | 1 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 0.73 |