Table 3.
Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants (ng/ml; specific gravity-corrected) and papillary thyroid cancer in Connecticut women
| Organophosphate flame retardant (ng/ml) | Cases | Controls | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p- trend | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a | p-trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCIPP | ||||||
| < MDL | 61 | 50 | 1 | 1 | ||
| ≥ MDL - 0.45 | 26 | 25 | 0.85 (0.44, 1.66) | 0.72 (0.34, 1.54) | 0.06 | |
| > 0.45 | 13 | 25 | 0.43 (0.19, 0.91) | 0.04 | 0.44 (0.18, 1.03) | |
| Continuousb | 100 | 100 | 0.88 (0.77, 1.01) | 0.89 (0.76, 1.04) | ||
| DPHP | ||||||
| < 0.59 | 34 | 33 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 0.59–1.28 | 34 | 33 | 1.00 (0.51, 1.97) | 1.02 (0.47, 2.22) | 0.88 | |
| > 1.28 | 32 | 34 | 0.91 (0.46, 1.80) | 0.80 | 1.06 (0.49, 2.29) | |
| Continuousb | 100 | 100 | 0.94 (0.72, 1.21) | 0.99 (0.74, 1.31) | ||
| BDCIPP | ||||||
| < 0.37 | 31 | 33 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 0.37–0.96 | 28 | 33 | 1.17 (0.59, 2.35) | 1.08 (0.50, 2.36) | 0.46 | |
| > 0.96 | 41 | 34 | 1.24 (0.63, 2.46) | 0.54 | 1.33 (0.62, 2.86) | |
| Continuousb | 100 | 100 | 1.07 (0.87, 1.31) | 1.07 (0.85, 1.34) | ||
| IPDPP | ||||||
| < 1.60 | 32 | 33 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 1.60–3.56 | 26 | 33 | 0.90 (0.45, 1.83) | 0.89 (0.41, 1.59) | 0.66 | |
| > 3.56 | 42 | 34 | 1.28 (0.66, 2.51) | 0.45 | 1.17 (0.54, 2.54) | |
| Continuousb | 100 | 100 | 1.12 (0.83, 1.52) | 1.06 (0.75, 1.48) | ||
| BCIPHIPP | ||||||
| < 0.12 | 38 | 33 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 0.12–0.32 | 34 | 33 | 0.89 (0.46, 1.75) | 0.92 (0.44, 1.93) | 0.30 | |
| > 0.32 | 28 | 34 | 0.72 (0.36, 1.41) | 0.34 | 0.66 (0.30, 1.42) | |
| Continuousb | 100 | 100 | 0.85 (0.69, 1.03) | 0.82 (0.65, 1.01) | ||
| Summed PFR | ||||||
| < 4.10 | 35 | 34 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 4.10–7.95 | 29 | 33 | 0.85 (0.43, 1.70) | 0.94 (0.43, 2.00) | ||
| > 7.95 | 36 | 33 | 1.06 (0.54, 2.07) | 0.87 | 1.07 (0.50, 2.31) | 0.86 |
| Continuousb | 100 | 100 | 0.96 (0.71, 1.31) | 0.93 (0.65, 1.33) |
bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) 1-hydroxy-2-propyl phosphate (BCIPHIPP), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP), diphenyl phosphate (DPP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP), isopropyl-phenyl phenyl phosphate (IP-PPP), and tert-butyl phenyl phenyl phosphate (tb-PPP), odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI), PFR (organophosphate flame retardant)
aAdjusted for age, BMI, education level, family history of thyroid cancer, previous benign thyroid disease, and alcohol consumption
bOdds ratio calculated for each 1og of 1 ng/ml