Table 2.

Post-hoc test results

Variable		95% CI	p
Trial registration^a
2004 vs 2009	1.077	.972 to 1.193	1.000^b
2004 vs 2014	1.444	1.172 to 1.781	.024^b
2009 vs 2014	1.341	1.062 to 1.693	.031^b
5-year impact factor^c
2004 vs 2009	−.264	−1.659 to .629	.480
2004 vs 2014	.745	−.528 to 1.399	.219
2009 vs 2014	1.100	.328 to 1.842	.002
Assessment of reduced competence^a
2004 vs 2009	2.154	1.207 to 3.844	.020^b
2004 vs 2014	1.579	1.018 to 2.448	.110^b
2009 vs 2014	.733	.405 to 1.325	.289^d
Potential conflicts of interest^a
2004 vs 2009	1.077	.737 to 1.573	1.000^b
2004 vs 2014	3.333	1.748 to 6.358	.001^b
2009 vs 2014	1.341	1.062 to 1.693	.031^d
Number of ethics-related issues reported^e
2004 vs 2009	−0.96	−2.98 to 1.06	.494
2004 vs 2014	−2.33	−4.26 to −0.40	.014
2009 vs 2014	−1.37	−2.86 to 0.12	.078

CI Confidence Interval

^a Relative risk for the absence of the characteristic

^b Fisher exact test

^c Mann-Whitney test and Hodges-Lehmann estimator, data are median differences

^d Pearson χ² test

^e Tukey’s test, data are mean differences