Table 3.

Focus group categories

Categories	Subcategories
Residents want practical resources beyond traditional curriculum	Want concise, evidence-based, clinically relevant information
	Place to practice skills without consequences
Medical students at different levels have different learning needs	Preclinical students are focused on tips/skills
	Preclinical students want to practice experience of real world before clerkship
	Clerks are focused on knowledge/medical expert content
	Clerks want to practice application of knowledge
	Difficult to meet needs with any one type of learning resource
Appreciated elements of IMCE cases	High quality, comprehensive
	Realistic
	Practical delivery of clinically relevant details
	Provides an approach
	Evidence-based
	Interactive
	Optional curriculum resource
Suggestions for improvement	Cases are too long, with too many details e.g. scoring systems
	Link to multimedia (videos, images, Apps)
	Include extra information like scoring systems as optional links
	Increase interactivity
General challenges in the current use of CanMEDS in medical education	The way CanMEDS breaks down the concept of the physician is reductionist, not organic
	Portfolio—allows debriefing on challenging cases, but rigid format
	CanMEDS is useful for educators to plan curriculum but may be inherently challenging to teach
VP cases and CanMEDS	VP cases may be a useful resource to integrate CanMEDS roles
Simulations cannot replace real world experience of patient care	Some skills are still better learned via practice and experience