Figure 4.

Analysis of Spiral Waves (Rotors)

(A) Activation maps of the induced rotors in three ArcLight-hiPSC-CCSs. Single isochrones: 20 ms.

(B) Snapshots of phase maps of the same rotors. Colors represent phase, as in the color bar and the colored signal (right). Singularity points (SPs) are indicated as black dots. Black and white lines indicate the wave fronts and tails respectively. Red lines extending from the SP to the wave front, indicate radiuses of the curvatures.

(C) Trajectory of SP meandering for each of the three rotors; total pathway of six SP steps over one rotation cycle.

(D) Summary of rotating frequency (2.526 ± 1.141 Hz), rotor radius (2.594 ± 1.48 mm; error bars represent SEM), and SP meandering pathway (1.342 ± 1.505 mm) of five rotors (from three independent experiments).

Scale bars: 5 mm. See also Figure S2 and Videos S2 and S3.