Table 2.
Follow-up characteristics of the ADS patients
| Monophasic disease (n = 137) | MS (n = 89) | Multiphasic non-MS (n = 17) | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount of relapses, median (IQR) | n/a | 2.0 (1.0–3.5) | 3.0 (1.5–4.0) | 0.12 |
| Length of follow-up in months, median (IQR) | 47 (22–81) | 61 (38–90) | 71 (32–102) | 0.01 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | < 0.001a | |||
| European | 106 (77) | 44 (49) | 14 (82) | |
| Middle-eastern | 7 (5) | 11 (12) | 0 (0) | |
| African | 5 (4) | 19 (21) | 0 (0) | |
| South-American | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 2 (12) | |
| Caribbean | 1 (1) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Asian | 3 (2) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Mixed | 13 (10) | 9 (10) | 1 (6) | |
| Unknown | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Use of immunomodulatory treatment > 1 year, n (%) | 7/137 (5) | 73/89 (82) | 12/17 (71) | < 0.001a |
| Use of second-line immunomodulatory treatment, n (%) | 1/137 (1) | 28/89 (32) | 5/17 (29) | < 0.001a |
| Presence of anti-MOG antibodies, n (%) | 24/82 (29) | 0/55 (0) | 7/9 (78) | < 0.001a |
| Presence of anti-AQP4 antibodies, n (%) | 3/83 (4) | 0/37 (0) | 2/16 (13) | 0.09a |
MS multiple sclerosis, IQR interquartile range, MOG anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, AQP4 anti-aquaporin 4, n number, EDSS Expanded Disability Status Scale of 5.5 stands for a walking distance of about 100 m, without aid or rest
*p value < 0.05 is considered statistically significant
aComparison between monophasic patients and MS