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. 2018 May 31;9:1184. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01184

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Copyright © 2018 Wallin, Hill, Linterman and Wood.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Tacrolimus does not impact T follicular regulatory (Tfr) or regulatory T cells. Samples were gated on lymphocytes then live CD4⁺ cells. (A) Regulatory T cells (Tregs) were gated as IL-7R^loFoxp3⁺, then (B) Tfr cells were gated as CXCR5⁺ Tregs. There were no significant differences between Tregs or Tfr in untreated deceased donor recipients (untreated) and live donor recipients (tacrolimus treated) in blood either in proportion of cells (C) or absolute cell count (D). There was a trend toward lower Tfr in peripheral blood both in proportion of cells (E) and absolute cell count (F), but this did not reach statistical significance on Mann–Whitney testing. There were no significant differences in lymph node Tregs (G) or Tfr cells (H) between untreated and tacrolimus treated patients. Shown as median and interquartile range, each symbol represents one patient, n = 45 untreated, n = 16 tacrolimus treated. All samples analyzed with Mann–Whitney testing.