Figure 1.

Simple correlations of e′ (A) and E/e′ (B) with age. In panels A and B, red and blue dots indicate women and men, respectively. Full lines represent the regression slopes, and dotted lines represent the 95% confidence boundaries for the prediction of the mean values (blue) and individual values (red) of e′ and E/e′ at any given age. Associations of e′ (C) and E/e′ (D) with HF1 weaken as covariables were stepwise introduced in the regression model but remained significant after full adjustment. The association sizes are expressed for a 1-standard deviation increment in HF1. The shaded area denotes the 95% confidence boundary of the parameter estimates. The percentage of explained variance is plotted along the horizontal axis. Stepwise cumulative adjustment was implemented for sex, age, BMI, SBP, DBP, heart rate (HR), serum creatinine (Crt), fasting blood glucose (Glyc), and treatment with inhibitors of the renin system (RAS) and β-blockers (BB).