Figure 3.

Changes in bacterial vaginosis-associated microbiota following contraceptive initiation and use

Change in log concentration of vaginal A, Gardnerella vaginalis, B, Atopobium vaginae, and C, Megasphaera-like bacterium phylotype I from baseline at 30, 90, and 180 days following initiation and continuous use of contraceptive method. At enrollment following baseline sample collection, participant-selected study contraception was administered from available options including injectables (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate [DMPA], norethisterone enanthate [Net-En], or medroxyprogesterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol [MPA/EE]), subdermal implants (levonorgestrel [LNG] or etonogestrel [ENG]), or copper T380A intrauterine device [IUD]. All participants were confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry of plasma at each visit to be free of other exogenous hormones.

NS, not significant at the .05 probability level.

Achilles et al. Impact of contraception on vaginal microbiota. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018.