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. 2018 May 31;9:954. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00954

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Copyright © 2018 Guo, Zhou, Hale, Yuan, Feng, Ning, Shi, Qin, Liu, Wu, He, Van Nostrand, Liu, Luo, Tiedje and Zhou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Clipping effects on functional genes involved in biogeochemical cycling processes. (A) C degradation. The complexity of C is presented in order from labile to recalcitrant C. The average relative change of normalized signal intensity of detected genes by clipping across 5 years without 2012 samples was presented as the clipping effects on functional genes [(clipped – control)/control]. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. Significance was tested by ANOVA as indicated by ^∗∗∗P < 0.001, ^∗∗P < 0.01, ^∗P < 0.05. (B) N cycling processes. The percentage changes in N cycling gene abundance under clipping were indicated in parenthesis. Genes where change in abundance was significant (P < 0.05) are labeled in red. Gray-colored genes were not significantly changed under clipping. (C) C fixation. (D) P utilization genes under annual clipping. The full names of the genes in this figure are listed in Supplementary Table S4.