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. 2018 Jun 4;11(1):1477249. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2018.1477249

Table 6.

Self-report on quality of life by sex, age and location.

    Difficulty doing usual jobs*
(n = 2093)
n (%)
p-value Difficulty chewing
(n = 2088)
n (%)
p-value Self-conscious**
(n = 2085)
n (%)
p-value Difficulty speaking
(n = 2086)
n (%)
p-value Pain***
(n = 2097)
n (%)
p-value
Sex Male 231 (28.4) <.0001 290 (35.8) <.0001 242 (29.9) <.0001 127 (15.7) 0.0003 480 (58.8) 0.0001
  Female 509 (39.8)   592 (46.4)   513 (40.2)   283 (22.2)   860 (67.1)  
Education                      
  None 175 (66.5) 0.02 189 (72.1) 0.04 173 (65.8) 0.007 108 (40.9) 0.19 220 (83.3) 0.83
  Any 1° 285 (59.3)   319 (66.3)   281 (58.7)   171 (35.6)   395 (82.0)  
  Some 2° 30 (46.9)   36 (56.3)   28 (43.8)   18 (28.1)   53 (82.8)  
  2° or More 27 (54.0)   29 (58.0)   26 (52.0)   16 (32.0)   39 (78.0)  
Age (years) 2–5 43 (10.8) <.0001 72 (18.1) <.0001 55 (13.9) <.0001 22 (5.6) <.0001 145 (36.3) <.0001
  6–11 86 (20.2)   111 (26.2)   87 (20.6)   36 (8.5)   233 (54.8)  
  12–19 93 (22.7)   125 (30.5)   104 (25.4)   38 (9.3)   254 (61.8)  
  20–39 243 (54.6)   263 (59.1)   227 (51.1)   139 (31.2)   342 (76.9)  
  40+ 275 (66.4)   311 (75.3)   282 (68.3)   175 (42.2)   366 (88.0)  
Location Urban 144 (26.2) <.0001 179 (32.7) <.0001 159 (29.0) <.0001 78 (14.3) 0.0002 346 (62.9) 0.57
  Rural 596 (38.6)   703 (45.6)   596 (38.8)   332 (21.6)   994 (64.3)  
Total   740 (35.4)   882 (42.2)   755 (36.2)   410 (19.7)   1340 (63.9)  

* Difficulty doing usual jobs, attending school or participating in social activities

**Self-conscious or embarrassed

***Pain in the mouth during the 12 months preceding this survey