Skip to main content
. 2018 Jun 6;38(23):5367–5383. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3474-17.2018

Figure 8.

Figure 8.

HIV-1 Tat-mediated increased expression of IL6 involves downregulation of miR-124 with concomitant upregulation of its targets, MECP2 and STAT3. A, qPCR analysis showing the IL6 mRNA expression levels in mouse primary microglial cells transfected with control and miR-124 mimic following exposure to HIV-1 Tat (50 ng/ml) for 24 h. B, qPCR analysis showing the IL6 mRNA expression levels in mouse primary microglial cells transfected with control and miR-124 inhibitor following exposure to HIV-1 Tat (50 ng/ml) for 24 h. C, qPCR analysis showing the IL6 mRNA expression levels in mouse primary microglial cells transfected with scrambled and MECP2 siRNA following exposure to HIV-1 Tat (50 ng/ml) for 24 h. qPCR analysis showing the IL6 mRNA expression levels in mouse primary microglial cells either pretreated with 5-Aza (D) or transfected with scrambled and DNMT1 siRNA (E) following exposure to HIV-1 Tat (50 ng/ml) for 24 h. Data are mean ± SEM from six independent experiments. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA followed by Dunn's post hoc test was used to determine the statistical significance between multiple groups. *p < 0.05 versus control. #p < 0.05 versus HIV-1 Tat. F, qPCR analysis showing the IL6 mRNA expression levels in the basal ganglia of SIV-infected rhesus macaques compared with the saline group. Data are mean ± SEM. An unpaired Student's t test was used to determine the statistical significance. *p < 0.05 versus saline. G, RNAscope analysis demonstrating increased expression of IL6 mRNA in microglia in the basal ganglia of SIV-infected rhesus macaques compared with the saline group. Scale bar, 10 μm. −, Vehicle treatment (i.e., 1 μl 1 × PBS/ml of medium).