Table 1.

Compression of different Neuropsychiatric (NP) criteria.

	Kassan and Lockshin [22]	How et al [24]	1999 NP ACR criteria [28, 29]
NP manifestations included	Seizure Disturbance of consciousness Disturbance of mental function Neuropathy Motor disorder Movement disorder Meningitis Encephalitis	Major symptoms (seizures, focal motor or sensory deficits, generalized disturbances, psychosis and organic brain syndrome) Minor symptoms (paresthesia without objective findings, clumsiness without objective findings, persistent headache, pseudopapilledema, benign intracranial hypertension, reactive depression, mood swings, cognitive disorders, severe anxiety and behavioral problems)	12 CNS and 7 PNS (Table 2)
Definition of NP manifestations	No	Not given	Yes
Exclusion criteria	Infection,Trauma, neoplasm, and other independent neurologicdiseases	Not given	Individually listed for each of the 19 NP manifestations
Additional information	Codification: Presence/absence of systemic disease activity; laboratory abnormalities; impairment of function and chronology	Diagnosis of NPSLE: 1 major criterion; or 1 minor criterion plus abnormality shown on electroencephalogram, brain scan,CSF examination or cerebral angiogramFurther classified in focal and diffuse	Comprehensive investigation protocol for each individual manifestation
Advantage	Inclusion of function impairment and chronology	Translational study exploring pathogenesis	Comprehensive definitionValidated in different cohorts
Limitations	No definitions of individual manifestationsNo validation	Based on chart reviewNo validation in other cohorts or studies	Lack of attribution; chronology

CNS, central nervous system; NP, neuropsychiatric; PNS, peripheral nervous system.