| Eugenol |
Essential oil (phenol) |
Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, analgesic, sedative, spasmolytic. |
Jadhav et al. (2004), Kamatou, Vermaak & Viljoen (2012), Lee et al. (2005) and Pengelly (2004)
|
| Citronellol |
Essential oil (alcohol) |
Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic, spasmolytic, tonifying. |
Ćavar & Maksimović (2012), De Cassia da Silveira e Sa, Andrade & De Sousa (2013), Pengelly (2004) and Su et al. (2010)
|
| Sabinene |
Essential oil (hydrocarbon) |
Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, stimulant, decongestant. |
Pengelly (2004) and Santoyo et al. (2006) and Sayyah et al. (2003)
|
| Trans-cinnamaldehyde |
Essential oil (aldehyde) |
Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, sedative, spasmolytic, vasodilators. |
Hill, Gomes & Taylor (2013), Pengelly (2004) and Tung et al. (2008)
|
| Terpineol |
Essential oil (alcohol) |
Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, spasmolytic, tonifying. |
Held, Schieberle & Somoza (2007) and Pengelly (2004)
|
| Cinnamic acid |
Phenolic acid |
Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory antioxidant, anticancer. |
Liao et al. (2012), Song et al. (2013), Sova (2012) and Zhang et al. (2014)
|
