Intra-module links (black) represent connectivity, while intermodule links (wiggly blue lines) express mutual dependencies. The occupation variable ni specifies whether a node is present (ni = 1) or removed (ni = 0). The activation state σi, defined through inter-module dependencies, indicates whether a node is activated (σi = 1) or inactivated (σi = 0). Nodes can be activated even if they do not belong to the giant connected activated component G. Note also that the configuration of occupation variables n⃗ is identical for the module on the left in a and b. Legend: ◉ σi = 1; ● ni = 1, σi = 0; ○ ni = 0, σi = 0.