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. 2018 Jun 7;8:8736. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26568-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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fMRI data acquisition and optogenetic/auditory stimulation paradigms. (a) Illustration of the inferior colliculus (IC) on a 3D MRI rendered brain. The lateral lemniscus (LL), a subcollicular auditory nucleus⁷, is also shown. (b) The location of 12 coronal brain sections (the 5^th and 6^th covering the center of the IC) imaged in this study. (c) Optogenetic stimulation (OG): illustration of the setup (left) and the block-design paradigm used to present the stimulation (right). Blue light pulses (light wavelength: 473 nm, pulse rate: 10 Hz, pulse duty cycle: 10%, light intensity: 40 mW/mm²) were presented to the right visual cortex (VC) in blocks of 20 s light-on and 60 s light-off. The paradigm was repeated twice in each animal. (d) Combined auditory (AUD) and optogenetic (OG) stimulation: illustration of the setup (left) and the block-design paradigm used to present the bi-modal stimulation (right). A broadband noise (bandwidth: 1–40 kHz; sound pressure level: 90 dB) was presented to the left ear of animals in blocks of 20 s sound-on and 50 s sound-off, while blue light pulses were presented to the right VC from 10 s before to 10 s after, during every even sound-on period. This paradigm was repeated 4 times in each animal.