Table 1.
Total | No stunting | Stunting | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 532 N (%) | N = 449 (84.40) | N = 83 (15.60) | ||
Child age mean ± SD (in years) | 7.2 ± 0.4 | 7.2 ± 0.4 | 7.2 ± 0.4 | 0.36 |
Mothers age mean ± SD (in years) | 33.3 ± 6.3 | 33.4 ± 6.4 | 33.1 ± 6.0 | 0.75 |
Underweight (< − 2 SD in weight-for-age) | ≤ 0.0001 | |||
No | 477 (89.8) | 431 (96.0) | 46 (56.1) | |
Yes | 54 (10.2) | 18 (4.0) | 36 (43.9) | |
Thinness (< − 2 SD in BMI-for-age) | 0.96 | |||
No | 512 (96.4) | 433 (96.4) | 79 (96.3) | |
Yes | 19 (3.6) | 16 (3.6) | 3 (3.6) | |
Sex | 0.01 | |||
Girls | 251 (47.2) | 227 (50.6) | 54 (65.1) | |
Boys | 281 (52.8) | 222 (49.4) | 29 (34.9) | |
Child in school | 0.003 | |||
Yes | 265 (49.8) | 236 (52.6) | 29 (34.9) | |
No | 267 (50.2) | 213 (47.4) | 54 (65.1) | |
Child has been hospitalized | 0.57 | |||
No | 402 (77.0) | 340 (76.6) | 62 (79.5) | |
Yes | 120 (23.0) | 104 (23.4) | 16 (20.5) | |
Child has history of cerebral malaria | 0.11 | |||
No | 443 (91.1) | 380 (92.0) | 63 (86.3) | |
Yes | 43 (8.9) | 33 (8.0) | 10 (13.7) | |
Child plays with object at home | 0.77 | |||
No | 265 (52.3) | 222 (52.0) | 43 (53.8) | |
Yes | 242 (47.7) | 205 (48.0) | 37 (46.2) | |
Child was beaten in the last 12 months | 0.06 | |||
No | 483 (95.3) | 410 (96.0) | 73 (91.3) | |
Yes | 24 (4.7) | 17 (4.0) | 7 (8.7) | |
Father employed | 0.79 | |||
Yes | 68 (13.4) | 58 (13.6) | 10 (12.5) | |
No | 439 (86.6) | 369 (86.4) | 70 (87.5) | |
Father educated | 0.19 | |||
Yes | 153 (30.5) | 124 (29.4) | 29 (36.7) | |
No | 348 (69.5) | 298 (70.6) | 50 (63.3) | |
Mother employed | 0.11 | |||
Yes | 26 (5.1) | 19 (4.5) | 7 (8.8) | |
No | 481 (94.9) | 408 (95.5) | 73 (91.2) | |
Mothers depression status | 0.04 | |||
No | 263 (52.9) | 230 (54.9) | 33 (42.3) | |
Yes | 234 (47.1) | 189 (45.1) | 45 (57.7) | |
Polygamy (father has more than 1 wife) | 0.24 | |||
No | 181 (35.7) | 157 (36.8) | 24 (30.0) | |
Yes | 326 (64.3) | 270 (63.2) | 56 (70.0) | |
Electricity in compound | 0.15 | |||
Yes | 392 (77.3) | 335 (78.5) | 57 (71.3) | |
No | 115 (22.7) | 92 (21.5) | 23 (28.7) | |
PROMISE EBF intervention | 0.10 | |||
Control arm | 284 (53.4) | 233 (51.9) | 51 (61.5) | |
Intervention arm | 248 (46.6) | 216 (48.1) | 32 (38.5) |