Table 3.
Effect size and bivariate analysis using linear regression between stunting and outcome measures
| Effect size | Unstandardized | Standardized | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohen’s d | Coefficient (95% CI) | Coefficient (95% CI) | ||
| Memory (Atlantis—KABC-II) | 0.44a | − 8.6 (− 13.1 to − 4.1) | − 0.4 (− 0.6 to − 0.2) | 0.0002 |
| Visual abilities (Conceptual Thinking—KABC-II) | 0.29a | − 0.9 (− 1.8 to − 0.2) | − 0.2 (− 0.5 to − 0.05) | 0.01 |
| Visual abilities (Face Recognition—KABC-II) | 0.23a | − 0.7 (− 1.4 to − 0.01) | − 0.2 (− 0.5 to − 0.002) | 0.04 |
| Memory (Number Recall—KABC-II) | 0.24a | − 0.4 (− 0.9 to − 0.01) | − 0.2 (− 0.5 to − 0.006) | 0.04 |
| Spatial abilities (Triangle—KABC-II) | 0.42a | − 1.2 (− 1.8 to − 0.5) | − 0.4 (− 0.6 to − 0.2) | 0.0004 |
| Reasoning (Block Counting—KABC-II) | 0.17 | − 0.6 (− 1.5 to 0.2) | − 0.2 (− 0.4 to 0.05) | 0.1 |
| General cognition (KABC-II) | 0.48a | − 13.9 (− 20.5 to − 7.2) | − 0.5 (− 0.7 to − 0.2) | ≤ 0.0001 |
| Cognitive flexibility (CCT-1) | 0.25a | 1.8 (0.1 to 3.5) | 0.3 (0.01 to 0.5) | 0.03 |
| Attention (TOVA) | 0.27a | − 0.2 (− 0.3 to − 0.02) | − 0.3 (− 0.5 to − 0.03) | 0.02 |
| Inhibition (TOVA) | 0.30a | 5.0 (1.0 to 8.9) | 0.3 (0.06 to 0.5) | 0.01 |
aSmall effect size from 0.2 to 0.49