Fig. 4.

Cladogram of Ericales taxa (following most recent phylogenetic analyses [53]), for which chloroplast sequence information was obtained in this study (Enkianthus, Rhododendron, Erica, Kalmia, Andromeda, Diospyros, Vaccinium vitis-idaea) or was available in the NCBI database (Impatiens, Pouteria, Bruinsmia, Styrax, Actinidia, Primula, Camellia, Pyrola, Arbutus, Vaccinium macrocarpon). RNA editing site clpPeU559HY is ancestrally lost in the Asterid clade (blue open circle, see also Fig. 3). Editing site rpoAeU200SF is additionally lost in Impatiens, Pouteria, Primula veris, Bruinsmia and in the core Ericaceae (red open circles). Editing site clpPeU559HY is regained twice independently (blue filled circle). This ultimately inverts the ancestral editing status of Asterids in Erica and requires editing at both sites in Enkianthus. CLB19 is absent in Andromeda and Vaccinium (green triangle) as a likely secondary loss after loss of both its editing targets