Table 3.

Patents in which LILI illumination is associated with various aspects of infertility.

Purpose, goal	Laser exposure parameters	Impact localization, method	Patent
Improving the quality of sperm production in male boars	Not specified	3 AP (acupuncture points) with loca-lization description	[183]
Treatment of men with the pathology of spermatogenesis	633 nm, continuous mode, 3-4mW	Corporeal AP: T3, T4, V23 + one of the auricular: AP22, AP23, AP32	[184]
Treatment of men with autoimmune infertility	365-400 nm, 20 mW (incoherent light), 30 minutes, 6 daily procedures	UVBI intravenously	[161]
Improvement of sperm quality in pathospermia in the IVF program	Pulsed infrared IR LILI, 890 nm, 3.5 W, 300-600 Hz, 7-10 minutes, 5-7 daily procedures	On the perineum and suprapubic region	[186]
Treatment of men with autoimmune infertility	660 nm, light-emitting diodes, modulated mode, frequency 1-5 Hz, 1 mW/cm2, 15-20 minutes with pauses, 10 daily procedures	The penis, LNP (local negative pressure + incoherent illumination)	[187]
Stimulation of spermatogenesis	635 nm, continuous operation, 30 mW, 10-15 daily procedures	Contact on the area of the scrotum	[188]
Treatment of men with impaired spermatogenesis	Not specified	UVBI	[189]
Stimulation of spermatogenesis in the experiment, non-native male rats Increase in the functional and metabolic status of human spermatozoa	475 nm, continuous mode, 10 mW/cm2, 1 minute, 10 daily sessions 635 nm, modulated mode, frequency 100 Hz, 10 mW/cm2, 1 minute	On the testicles Spermatozoa derived from healthy human semen in vitro	[190] [191]