Effect of melatonin on respiratory parameters in trophoblasts of lean women: mitochondrial respiratory parameters of the syncytiotrophoblasts from lean women (n = 5), with and without melatonin (0.1-100 µmol/L) were measured in SeahorseXF24. Measurements in the presence of melatonin were expressed as a ratio normalized to the values in the untreated control, scatter plot with mean ± SEM. Basal respiration (A), ATP-coupled respiration (B), maximal respiration (C), and spare capacity (D). ATP indicates adenosine triphosphate; SEM, standard error of the mean.