Table 1.

Representative targets within the lipid metabolism pathway for anti-cancer drug development

Target protein	Inhibitor	Type of cancer	Preclinical model	Clinical trial	References
SCAP	–	GBM	Xenografts	–	[55]
SREBPs	Fatostatin, betulin, PF-429242, xanthohumol	GBM, prostate, liver, skin, melanoma, colorectal, bile duct, pancreatic, and breast cancer	Xenografts	–	[28, 125–138]
ACCs	TOFA, soraphen A, ND-646	Lung, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	Xenografts	–	[179–185]
ACLY	SB-204990, bempedoic acid, BMS303141	Lung, prostate, and ovarian cancer	Xenografts	–	[152, 162, 165]
FASN	Cerulenin	Ovarian cancer, breast cancer	Xenografts	–	[179, 194–196]
	C75	Breast, GBM, renal, and mesothelioma cancer	Xenografts	–	[34, 179, 188, 197–203]
	TVB-2640	Solid malignant tumors	–	Phase I	Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02223247), [191]
	TVB-3166	Lung, ovary, and pancreatic cancer	Xenografts	–	[264]
	C93	Ovarian and lung cancer	Xenografts	–	[265, 266]
	C247	Breast cancer		–	[267]
	Orlistat	Prostate cancer and melanoma	Xenografts	–	[192, 193]
	Triclosan	Breast cancer	Xenografts	–	[268, 269]
LDLR	–	GBM	–	–	[27, 219]
SCD1	BZ36, A939572, MF-438	Prostate, renal cancer	Xenografts	–	[124, 212–215, 270]
LXR	GW3965, LXR-623	GBM	Xenografts	–	[27, 238, 239]
	SR9243	Prostate cancer	Xenografts		[242]
SOAT1 (or ACAT1)	K604, ATR-101, avasimibe	GBM, prostate and pancreatic cancer	Xenografts	–	[28, 230–232]
CPT1	Etomoxir, perhexiline	Leukemia, prostate and breast cancer	Xenografts, transgenic mice	–	[248–250, 271, 272]
CD36	Anti-CD36 antibodies	Oral cancer	Xenografts	–	[24–26]

ACCs acetyl-CoA carboxylases, ACLY ATP citrate lyase, CD36 cluster of differentiation 36, also known as fatty acid translocase (FAT), CPT1 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, FASN fatty acid synthase, GBM glioblastoma multiforme, LDLR low-density lipoprotein receptor, LXR liver X receptor, SCAP SREBP cleavage-activating protein, SREBPs sterol regulatory element-binding proteins