Table 4.
Motor skills in child at age 7 years by category of prenatal lead, cadmium or mercury exposure: all cases.
|
Prenatal blood lead (µg/dl) |
Prenatal blood cadmium (µg/l) |
Prenatal blood mercury (µg/l) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 5 | ≥ 5 | p | < 0.26 | > 0.26 | p | < 1.99 | > 1.99 | p | ||
| Balance | Heel to toe steps | |||||||||
| 15 (good) | 925 (85.5%) | 157 (14.5%) | 0.405 | 561 (53.4%) | 489 (46.6%) | 0.010 | 504 (48.3%) | 540 (51.7%) | 0.205 | |
| < 15 | 941 (86.7%) | 144 (13.3%) | 511 (47.8%) | 558 (52.2%) | 536 (51.0%) | 514 (49.0%) | ||||
| Ball skills | Beanbag (n) | |||||||||
| 4–10 (good) | 1587 (85.9%) | 260 (14.1%) | 0.906 | 914 (50.7%) | 889 (49.3%) | 0.969 | 874 (49.1%) | 905 (50.9%) | 0.308 | |
| 1–3 | 268 (86.2%) | 43 (13.8%) | 156 (50.8%) | 151 (49.2%) | 161 (52.3%) | 147 (47.7%) | ||||
| Manual dexterity | Threading lace (s) | |||||||||
| 9–21 (good) | 911 (85.9%) | 150 (14.1%) | 0.982 | 507 (49.1%) | 525 (50.9%) | 0.204 | 493 (47.7%) | 540 (52.3%) | 0.173 | |
| 22–105 | 804 (85.9%) | 132 (14.4%) | 479 (50.2%) | 442 (48.0%) | 456 (51.9%) | 441 (55.0%) | ||||
| Peg board (s) | ||||||||||
| Preferred hand | ||||||||||
| 15–22 (good) | 1049 (86.7%) | 161 (13.3%) | 0.215 | 605 (51.2%) | 576 (48.8%) | 0.420 | 568 (48.8%) | 597 (51.2%) | 0.508 | |
| 23–46 | 793 (84.8%) | 142 (15.2%) | 453 (49.5%) | 463 (50.5%) | 456 (50.2%) | 452 (49.8%) | ||||
| Non-preferred hand | ||||||||||
| 15–25 (good) | 994 (86.3%) | 158 (13.7%) | 0.743 | 581 (51.6%) | 546 (48.4%) | 0.333 | 537 (48.2%) | 578 (51.8%) | 0.080 | |
| 26–63 | 821 (85.8%) | 136 (14.2%) | 462 (49.4%) | 473 (50.6%) | 481 (52.1%) | 443 (47.9%) | ||||
Manual dexterity variables categorised on median.
Participants with poor task attention excluded.