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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 16.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Diab Rep. 2017 Aug 16;17(10):90. doi: 10.1007/s11892-017-0923-y

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Homeostatic Dysregulation of Brain-Body Pathways. Figure shows inter-regulation between physiological systems, which allows for maximum flexibility in maintaining homeostasis. The introduction of chronic disruptors to this homeostatic system at every level can contribute to dysregulation. Dysregulation of core homeostatic brain-body pathways, namely the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axes, are associated with mental and physical illness, including depression and type 2 diabetes.