Table A2.
Associations between presence of a child in the household, and other covariates, and life satisfaction by region of Europe
| North‐Western Europe | Southern Europe | Balkans | Eastern Europe | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age adjusted model | ||||
| Child in household (reference: none) | ||||
| Son(s) only | 1.10 (0.15) | 0.92 (0.13) | 1.17 (0.13) | 0.93 (0.16) |
| Daughters | 1.33 (0.35) | 1.28 (0.21) | 1.26 (0.20) | 1.35*** (0.10) |
| Age | 1.02*** (0.00) | 1.01 (0.01) | 1.01 (0.01) | 1.02** (0.01) |
| Constant | 0.28*** (0.07) | 0.40* (0.20) | 0.56 (0.28) | 0.29** (0.15) |
| Observations | 7,155 | 2,853 | 1,735 | 6,517 |
| Fully adjusted model | ||||
| Child in household (reference: none) | ||||
| Son(s) only | 1.28** (0.16) | 0.93 (0.11) | 1.33*** (0.13) | 0.95 (0.15) |
| Daughters | 1.36 (0.34) | 1.27 (0.23) | 1.28 (0.30) | 1.35*** (0.14) |
| Age | 1.03*** (0.00) | 1.03*** (0.01) | 1.03*** (0.00) | 1.03*** (0.01) |
| Educational level (reference: less than lower secondary education, ISCED 1) | ||||
| Lower secondary completed (ISCED 2) | 0.93 (0.09) | 1.77 (0.62) | 1.17 (0.31) | 1.03 (0.12) |
| Upper secondary completed (ISCED 3) | 0.92 (0.11) | 2.97*** (0.32) | 1.39 (0.595) | 0.96 (0.12) |
| Postsecondary completed (ISCED 4 and 5) | 1.14 (0.14) | 2.11*** (0.36) | 1.87 (1.28) | 1.26*** (0.10) |
| How often socially meet with friends, relatives, or colleagues (reference: once a month or less) | ||||
| Less than monthly to weekly | 1.27*** (0.07) | 0.935 (0.20) | 0.93 (0.12) | 1.22** (0.10) |
| Several times a week | 1.55*** (0.09) | 0.86 (0.14) | 1.33** (0.17) | 1.28** (0.14) |
| Every day | 1.80*** (0.16) | 1.10 (0.12) | 1.37*** (0.13) | 1.20 (0.17) |
| Anyone to discuss intimate and personal matters with (reference: no) | ||||
| Yes | 1.42*** (0.15) | 1.90*** (0.29) | 1.05 (0.19) | 1.41*** (0.11) |
| Take part in social activities compared to others of same age (reference: less than most) | ||||
| About the same | 1.32*** (0.09) | 1.52*** (0.13) | 1.30*** (0.10) | 1.38*** (0.075) |
| More than most | 1.92*** (0.20) | 2.21*** (0.31) | 2.08*** (0.32) | 1.58*** (0.15) |
| Hampered in daily activities by illness–disability–infirmity (reference: yes a lot) | ||||
| Yes to some extent | 1.67*** (0.17) | 1.90*** (0.25) | 1.36*** (0.13) | 1.97*** (0.11) |
| No | 2.48*** (0.25) | 2.99*** (0.37) | 2.37*** (0.19) | 3.00*** (0.24) |
| Constant | 0.02*** (0.01) | 0.02*** (0.01) | 0.05*** (0.01) | 0.02*** (0.02) |
| Observations | 6,920 | 2,642 | 1,524 | 5,783 |
Note. Odds ratios with robust standard errors based on country clusters in parentheses. ISCED = International Standard Classification of Education. Source: European Social Survey Rounds 1–7.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.