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. 2018 May 29;14(5):e1007116. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007116

Fig 1. Schematic representation of fatty acid and sterol de novo biosynthesis in procyclic trypanosomes.

Fig 1

Black arrows indicate enzymatic steps of leucine, glucose, threonine and acetate metabolism, with dashed arrows symbolizing several steps, to feed fatty acid and ergosterol biosynthesis. Acetyl-CoA and HMG-CoA are boxed to highlight their branching point position. For simplification and clarity only the mitochondrial subcellular compartment is represented. The microsomal elongase system and mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis are represented by a dashed circle labelled ELO and FASII, respectively. The boxed enzymes have been investigated by reverse genetics approaches in this manuscript. Abbreviations: AOB, amino oxobutyrate; Ac-CoA, acetyl-CoA; AcAc-CoA, acetoacetyl-CoA; HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. Indicated enzymes are: ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; ACH, acetyl-CoA thioesterase; AceCS, AMP-dependent acetyl-CoA synthetase; AKCT, 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate CoA transferase; ASCT, acetate:succinate CoA-transferase; BCAT, branched-chain aminotransferase; BCKDH, branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex; HMGR, HMG-CoA reductase; HMGS, HMG-CoA synthase; IVDH, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase; MCC, 3-methylcrotonoyl-CoA decarboxylase; MGH, 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; SCP2, SCP2-thiolase; TDH, threonine 3-dehydrogenase.