Table 1.
Comparisons of the baseline characteristics, clinical features, and biomarkers between the two groups, A (WMR ≤ 1000) and B (WMR > 1000).
| Variables | WMR ≤ 1000; low | WMR > 1000; high | ap-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 160 | n = 137 | ||
| Age [years] | 55.87 ± 10.48 | 54.77 + 11.21 | d0.382 |
| Male, n (%) | 96 (60.0) | 92 (67.2) | b0.202 |
| Rural area, n (%) | 50 (31.3) | 34 (24.8) | b0.220 |
| Previous History, n (%) | |||
| Diabetic | 54 (34) | 54 (39) | b0.312 |
| Smokers | 45 (28) | 47 (34) | b0.251 |
| HTN | 115 (72) | 95 (69) | b0.633 |
| Familial CAD/MI | 64 (40.0) | 53 (38.7) | b0.817 |
| Prior CABG | 6 (3.8) | 1 (0.7) | c0.128 |
| Prior MI | 90 (56.3) | 96 (70.1) | b0.014 |
| PCI | 28 (17.5) | 18 (13.1) | b0.300 |
| On admission vitals | |||
| Heart rate [bpm] | 81.49 ± 13.99 | 84.97 ± 17.69 | d0.064 |
| Systolic BP [mm Hg] | 129.64 ± 25.17 | 124.41 ± 28.87 | d0.096 |
| Diastolic BP [mm Hg] | 80.15 ± 14.11 | 79.21 ± 18.50 | d0.627 |
| NYHA classification, n (%): | b<0.001 | ||
| Class 1 | 39 (24.4) | 24 (17.5) | |
| Class 2 | 74 (46.3) | 51 (37.2) | |
| Class 3 | 33 (20.6) | 22 (16.1) | |
| Class 4 | 14 (8.8) | 40 (29.2) | |
| KILLIP CLASS, n (%) | b0.221 | ||
| Class 1 | 103 (64.4) | 74 (54) | |
| Class 2 | 41 (25.6) | 40 (29.2) | |
| Class 3 | 6 (3.8) | 10 (7.3) | |
| Class 4 | 10 (6.3) | 13 (9.5) | |
| LVEF [%] | 48.38 ± 11.64 | 43.84 ± 11.02 | d0.001 |
| NODV, n (%): | b0.004 | ||
| 1 vessel, n (%) | 45 (28.1) | 35 (25.5) | |
| > 1 vessel, n (%) | 94 (58.8) | 98 (71.5) | |
| Cardiac enzymes | |||
| Troponin-I [ng/mL] | 2.40 (3.26) | 3.50 (3.00) | e<0.001 |
| CK[U/L] | 112.00 (173.3) | 207.00 (226.50) | e0.006 |
| CKMB [U/L] | 41.33 ± 21.50 | 45.78 ± 20.29 | d0.069 |
| LDH[U/L] | 296.00 (179.80) | 357.00 (136.50) | e0.003 |
| AST[U/L] | 27.50 (18.70) | 35.44 (31.50) | e0.001 |
| Biochemical markers | |||
| Cholesterol [mg/dl] | 162.63 ± 43.39 | 155.50 ± 42.66 | d0.156 |
| HDL [mg/dl] | 33.32 ± 9.66 | 34.49 ± 8.61 | d0.275 |
| LDL [mg/dl] | 95.09 ± 38.26 | 88.26 ± 40.04 | d0.134 |
| Triglycerides [mg/dl] | 153.23 ± 83.57 | 165.43 ± 86.56 | d0.218 |
| Total Bilirubin [mg/dl] | 0.46 ± 0.18 | 0.49 ± 0.19 | d0.267 |
| ALT [U/L] | 20.00 (16.80) | 26.00 (30.0) | e0.016 |
| ALP [U/L] | 90.82 ± 25.50 | 93.39 ± 29.73 | d0.428 |
| Sodium [mEq/L] | 137.59 ± 5.73 | 136.95 ± 5.98 | d0.349 |
| BUN [mg/dL] | 13.73 ± 5.73 | 15.58 ± 6.28 | d0.009 |
| Creatinine [mg/dL] | 1.02 ± 0.31 | 1.15 ± 0.37 | d0.001 |
| WBC count[×103/μL] | 8.58 ± 1.65 | 13.74 ± 2.66 | d<0.001 |
| Neutrophil [×103/μL] | 6.38 ± 1.02 | 7.31 ± 1.19 | d<0.001 |
| Lymphocyte [×103/μL] | 2.63 ± 0.91 | 1.97 ± 0.98 | d<0.001 |
| Hemoglobin [gm/dl] | 12.48 ± 2.09 | 12.51 ± 2.35 | d0.888 |
| RBC count[×106/μL] | 4.69 ± 0.70 | 4.54 ± 0.88 | d0.109 |
| Hematocrit [%] | 38.13 ± 5.78 | 37.32 ± 6.69 | d0.263 |
| Platelet count [×103/uL] | 270.77 ± 84.22 | 312.58 ± 119.16 | d0.001 |
| MPV [fL] | 10.63 ± 1.12 | 10.15 ± 1.34 | d0.001 |
| RDW [%] | 15.02 ± 2.07 | 15.04 ± 1.61 | d0.902 |
| WMR | 831.80 (253.90) | 1330.90 (352.00) | e<0.001 |
| PLR | 101.25 (65.02) | 148.70 (108.65) | e<0.001 |
| NLR | 2.31 (2.10) | 3.55 (3.50) | e<0.001 |
| Follow up features, n (%) | |||
| Re hospitalization | 26 (16.3) | 33 (24.1) | b0.091 |
| MI | 26 (16.3) | 31 (22.6) | b0.164 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 13 (8.1) | 18 (13.1) | b0.159 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 7 (4.4) | 14 (10.2) | b0.050 |
| GI Bleeding | 13 (8.1) | 8 (5.8) | b0.444 |
| Dialysis | 2 (1.3) | 4 (2.9) | c0.420 |
| Transfusion | 17 (10.6) | 17 (12.4) | b0.630 |
| CABG | 13 (8.1) | 18 (13.1) | b0.159 |
| Stent placement | 44 (27.5) | 44 (32.1) | b0.385 |
| Access site complication | 1 (0.6) | 2 (1.5) | c0.597 |
| Mortality | 10 (6.3) | 31 (22.6) | b<0.001 |
| TIMI score STEMI | 3.58 ± 1.03 | 5.04 ± 0.84 | d<0.001 |
| TIMI score NSTEMI/UA | 3.45 ± 1.59 | 4.69 ± 1.52 | d<0.001 |
| Duration of hospital stay [days] | 7.00 (5.00) | 7.00 (5.50) | e0.123 |
| Diagnosis, n (%): | b<0.001 | ||
| NSTEMI | 33 (20.6) | 46 (33.6) | |
| STEMI | 54 (33.8) | 64 (46.7) | |
| UA | 73 (45.6) | 27 (19.7) | |
All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (±IQR) and frequency (percentages). WMR value is categorized according to its median; BP—blood pressure; CK-MB—creatine kinase MB isoenzyme; HTN—Hypertension; CAD—coronary artery disease; CABG—coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI— percutaneous coronary intervention; HDL—high density lipoprotein; LDL—low density lipoprotein; MI—myocardial infarction; NYHA—New York Heart Association; LDH—Lactate dehydrogenase; AST—Aspartate Aminotransferase; ALT—Alanine transaminase; ALP—Alkaline phosphatase; MPV—mean platelet volume; RDW—Red Cell Distribution Width; WMR—; PLR— platelets to lymphocytes ratio; NLR— neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio; NSTEMI—non ST elevation myocardial infarction;STEMI—ST elevation myocardial infarction; UA—unstable angina; BUN—blood urea nitrogen; Cr—creatinine; TIMI—thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.
p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
chi-square test.
Fisher-exact test.
Independent t-test.
Mann-Whitney test was used to compare quantitative data without normal distribution.