Table 2.
Comparison of the baseline characteristics, clinical features and biochemical markers between major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) positive and MACE negative group.
| Variables | MACE-positive | MACE-negative | ap-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 102 | n = 195 | ||
| Age [years] | 54.49 ± 11.41 | 55.82 ± 10.50 | d0.317 |
| Male, n (%) | 68 (66.7) | 120 (61.5) | b0.384 |
| Rural area, n (%) | 36 (35.3) | 48 (24.6) | b0.052 |
| Previous Hx, n (%) | |||
| Diabetic | 37 (36.3) | 71 (36.4) | b0.982 |
| Smokers | 29 (28.4) | 63 (32.3) | b0.493 |
| HTN | 66 (64.7) | 144 (73.8) | b0.100 |
| Familial Hx of CAD/MI | 37 (36.3) | 80 (41.0) | b0.426 |
| Prior CABG | 3 (2.9) | 4 (2.1) | c0.695 |
| Prior MI | 39 (38.2) | 72 (36.9) | b0.824 |
| PCI | 19 (18.6) | 27 (13.8) | b0.279 |
| On admission vitals | |||
| Heart rate [bpm] | 83.34 ± 15.34 | 82.97 ± 16.18 | d0.851 |
| Systolic BP [mm Hg] | 125.43 ± 26.71 | 128.16 ± 27.20 | d0.409 |
| Diastolic BP [mm Hg] | 79.65 ± 14.93 | 79.75 ± 16.95 | d0.958 |
| NYHA classification, n (%): | b0.018 | ||
| Class 1 | 14 (13.7) | 49 (25.1) | |
| Class 2 | 43 (42.2) | 82 (42.1) | |
| Class 3 | 18 (17.6) | 37 (19.0) | |
| Class 4 | 27(26.5) | 27 (13.8) | |
| KILLIP CLASS, n (%): | b0.414 | ||
| Class 1 | 58 (56.9) | 119 (61) | |
| Class 2 | 26 (25.5) | 55 (28.2) | |
| Class 3 | 7 (6.9) | 9 (4.6) | |
| Class 4 | 11 (10.8) | 12 (6.2) | |
| LVEF [%} | 43.57 ± 11.89 | 47.71 ± 11.16 | d0.003 |
| Number of diseased vessels, n (%): | b0.031 | ||
| 1 vessel | 21 (20.6) | 59 (30.3) | |
| >1 vessel | 76 (74.5) | 116 (59.5) | |
| Cardiac enzymes | |||
| Troponin-I [ng/mL] | 2.90 (3.21) | 2.90 (3.86) | e0.775 |
| CK [U/L] | 147.50 (203.00) | 126.00 (182.00) | e0.555 |
| CKMB [U/L] | 43.53 ± 21.78 | 43.30 ± 20.69 | d0.928 |
| LDH [U/L] | 340.23 (159.5) | 312.00 (180.00) | e0.599 |
| AST [U/L] | 33.50 (24.0) | 31.00 (20.0) | e0.780 |
| Biochemical markers | |||
| Cholesterol[mg/dL] | 167.72 ± 47.20 | 154.96 ± 40.28 | d0.021 |
| HDL [mg/dL] | 33.82 ± 8.22 | 33.88 ± 9.69 | d0.962 |
| LDL [mg/dL] | 99.35 ± 42.66 | 88.07 ± 36.75 | d0.018 |
| Triglycerides [mg/dL] | 166.66 ± 82.07 | 154.77 ± 86.47 | d0.253 |
| Total Bilirubin [mg/dl] | 0.50 ± 0.19 | 0.46 ± 0.19 | d0.181 |
| ALT [U/L] | 21.00 (23.5) | 23.00 (21.0) | e0.806 |
| ALP [U/L] | 92.98 ± 27.27 | 91.50 ± 27.70 | d0.659 |
| Sodium [mEq/L] | 136.70 ± 6.27 | 137.61 ± 5.60 | d0.204 |
| BUN [mg/dL] | 16.13 ± 7.01 | 13.78 ± 5.33 | d0.003 |
| Creatinine [mg/dL] | 1.09 ± 0.33 | 1.08 ± 0.35 | d0.802 |
| WBC count [×103/μL] | 11.20 ± 5.5 | 10.10 ± 4.0 | d0.021 |
| Neutrophil [×103/μL] | 6.94 ± 1.33 | 6.74 ± 1.12 | d0.170 |
| Lymphocyte [×103/μL] | 2.12 ± 1.01 | 2.44 ± 0.98 | d0.010 |
| Hemoglobin [gm/dl] | 12.40 ± 2.07 | 12.54 ± 2.28 | d0.630 |
| RBC count [×106/μL] | 4.58 ± 0.85 | 4.64 ± 0.76 | d0.550 |
| Hematocrit [%] | 37.41 ± 6.28 | 37.94 ± 6.20 | d0.491 |
| Platelet count [×103/μL] | 307.47 ± 104.12 | 280.94 ± 102.69 | d0.036 |
| MPV [fL] | 10.41 ± 1.26 | 10.41 ± 1.25 | d0.965 |
| RDW [%] | 15.12 ± 1.78 | 14.98 ± 1.92 | d0.566 |
| WMR | 1056.95 (542.80) | 967.40 (448.40) | e0.008 |
| PLR | 147.68 (122.10) | 109.50 (68.7) | e<0.001 |
| NLR | 3.55 (3.10) | 2.70 (2.13) | e0.034 |
| Follow up features, n (%) | |||
| Cardiogenic shock | 18 (17.6) | 13 (6.7) | b0.003 |
| GI Bleeding | 14 (13.7) | 7 (3.6) | b0.001 |
| Dialysis | 2 (2.0) | 4 (2.1) | b0.661 |
| Transfusion | 18 (17.6) | 16 (8.2) | b0.015 |
| CABG | 16 (15.7) | 15 (7.7) | b0.032 |
| Stent placement, | 36 (35.3) | 52 (26.7) | b0.122 |
| Access site complication | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.5) | c0.554 |
| Duration of hospital stay [days] | 7.00 (5.3) | 7.00 (5.0) | e0.496 |
| TIMI scoreSTEMI | 4.56 ± 1.58 | 4.53 ± 1.88 | d0.928 |
| TIMI scoreNSTEMI/UA | 3.69 ± 1.31 | 3.86 ± 1.37 | d0.428 |
| Diagnosis, n (%): | b0.985 | ||
| NSTEMI | 27 (26.5) | 52 (26.7) | |
| STEMI | 40 (39.2) | 78 (40.0) | |
| UA | 35 (34.3) | 65 (33.3) | |
All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (IQR) and frequency (percentages). BP—blood pressure; CK-MB—creatine kinase MB isoenzyme; HTN— Hyper tension; CAD— coronary artery disease; CABG— coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI— percutaneous coronary intervention; HDL—high density lipoprotein; LDL—low density lipoprotein; MI—myocardial infarction; NYHA—New York Heart Association; LDH—Lactate dehydrogenase; AST—Aspartate Aminotransferase; ALT—Alanine transaminase; ALP—Alkaline phosphatase; MPV—mean platelet volume; RDW—Red Cell Distribution Width; WMR—; PLR— platelets to lymphocytes ratio; NLR— neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio; NSTEMI—non ST elevation myocardial infarction;STEMI— ST elevation myocardial infarction; UA—unstable angina; BUN— blood urea nitrogen; Cr—creatinine; TIMI— thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.
p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
chi-square test.
Fisher-exact test.
Independent t-test.
Mann-Whitney test was used to compare quantitative data without normal distribution.